行业协会作为行业内发挥服务、自律、协调、监督作用的重要中介组织，是联系政府和企业的桥梁，在提供政策咨询、加强行业自律、促进行业发展、维护企业合法权益等方面发挥了重要作用。当前中国社会正处于全面转型时期，如何在现阶段，利用政府职能转型的重要历史机遇，实现行业协会与政府的良性关系，从而充分发挥行业协会的作用与功能，推动行业发展与经济进步，亟需理论界与实务界的关注和探讨。本研究旨在通过文献梳理与个案研究，理顺行业协会与政府之间的关系，明确政府在行业协会的发展中应当扮演的角色，指出行业协会在被动接受政府监督和管理的同时，如何发挥能动作用，从而实现两者良性关系。本文认为，我国的行业协会特别是官办性质的行业协会与政府的关系，具有明显的法团主义特征，具体体现在国家对行业协会的控制与规范、行业协会履行公共责任和参与决策制定以及行业协会实现冲突调节和自我管制等方面。在法团主义模式下，建立政府与行业协会良性关系，政府应当承担主导性的角色，在其对行业协会的控制手段和监管方式等方面，做出必要的调整和改变，同时行业协会也应当主动转变发展思路，减少对政府行政资源的依赖，积极加强自身能力建设，只有建立在双向调整与推动的基础上，才能在实践中形成良性关系。

Trade associations as a form of social organizations play an important role in self-coordination, self-restraint and self-management within the industry. Moreover the trade associations are the bridge between the government and enterprises and their functions include providing policy advice, strengthening the industry self-regulation, promoting the development of the industry, safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises. However, China now is in a transitional period, so how to achieve an optimum relationship between the trade associations and government on this opportunity is one of the most important issues both in theory and practice. This case study is aimed to rationalize the relationship between trade associations and government, define the role that the government and the trade associations should play in the development of China trade associations and then contribute to the optimum relationship between trade associations and government. The relationship between government and trade associations, particularly the government-run associations, has the obvious characteristics of corporatism. Therefore an optimum relationship between trade associations and government should be established from this perspective.