自20世纪80年代以来，跨国公司迫于强大的竞争压力，开始对企业竞争关系进行战略性的调整，纷纷从对立竞争走向大规模的合作竞争。随着经济全球化的到来和技术的进步，企业战略联盟蓬勃兴起。近年来，企业战略联盟无论是在学术界还是在企业界都成为人们关注的焦点，战略联盟作为企业的一种合作战略，正发挥越来越重要的作用。 中国加入WTO后，我国汽车企业不得不面对涌进中国的汽车跨国巨头的竞争。按照WTO的规定，我国的汽车关税将逐年降低，2007年达到最低水平，并且进口配额限制也将取消，在相关政策方面壁垒的保护消除后，在赤裸裸得同国外汽车巨头竞争时，中国汽车产业和汽车企业面临着严峻的考验，如何能够在这样的发展环境中跟汽车跨国巨头竞争并胜出已经成为汽车产业亟待解决的重大问题。 本文在研究战略联盟及产业集群基础理论的基础上，通过对美国、德国、日本和西班牙四个比较有代表性国家汽车行业的发展模式进行比较分析，揭示各种模式的异同及对中国汽车企业发展的启示，然后在分析中国汽车企业现状的基础上提出中国汽车企业的发展思路，即产业集群和战略联盟战略。文中最后一部分详细分析了产业集群及战略联盟建立的必要性、战略联盟建立的过程及成功的关键要素，并对中国国情下的汽车企业战略联盟及产业集群建设提出了有针对性的建议。本文认为战略联盟和产业集群是中国汽车企业在经济全球化条件下发挥后发优势的微观和宏观战略工具，二者相辅相成，缺一不可。

Since 1980, under the pressure of competence, multinational corporations began to change their competitive strategies and turned to cooperating with other corporations. As the economic globalization came and the technology developed, the strategic alliances between corporations began to rise and boom. In the recent years, the strategic alliance has been the focus in both academic area and enterprise field. After China joined the WTO, the automobile corporations of our country have to confront the competence from multinational automobile corporations coming into our country. According to the regulations of WTO, the tariff on automobile would be reduced gradually year by year. By the year 2007, the rate of tariff would be the lowest. With the restriction to the import quota being cancelled and policy protection disappeared, Chinese automobile corporations have to compete with multinational automobile corporations directly. It has been a great challenge to Chinese automobile industry. How to compete with multinational automobile corporations and defeat them has been a big problem for Chinese automobile industry. At the base of researching basic theories on strategic alliance and industry cluster, by analyzing and comparing the developing mode of automobile industry of four representative countries, viz. America, Germany, Japan and Spain, the paper showed the differences between them as well as the same point they have. Afterward, at the base of analyzing the actualities of automobile corporations of China, the paper raise the developing strategies for automobile corporations of China, viz. industry cluster and strategic alliance. At last, the paper elaborates on the necessity to carry out the strategy of industry cluster and strategic alliance as well as the process of establishing strategic alliance and give corresponding suggestions on industry cluster as well as strategic alliance according to the actualities of the automobile corporations of China. The viewpoint of the paper is that industry cluster and strategic alliance are microcosmic and macroscopic tools respectively for the development of automobile corporations and both of them are absolutely necessary.