本研究通过专家评定、修改，编制了一套音乐能力“个体特质测验”来考察音乐能力的个体特质维度，验证音乐能力的理论模型，并对该测验进行了修订。该测验具有比较好的信度和效度指标。在此基础上，使用问卷调查的方法对213名参加2010年北京师范大学“艺术冬令营”的考生进行音乐能力“个体特质”的调查。研究发现：（1）个体特质对考生的自评成绩有良好的预测效度，即个体特质越良好的考生对自我的评价越高；（2）个体特质对音乐类考生的预测效度更高，其中元认知影响民乐类考生的成绩；（3）考生的自我认识和录取的相关程度很低，自我评价高的考生不一定被录取。本研究填补了当前音乐能力研究的空白部分，完善了音乐能力的理论结构的验证，并且首次将个体因素考察应用到人才选拔中，具有理论和实践意义。

This article depicts the development of a Personal Quality Test, which measures the aspect of personal quality in musical ability, in order to test the model of musical ability theory. The test is quite good in reliability and validity. It was used for 213 art-advanced students who participated in the 2010 BNU Art Camp from all over the country, which illustrates that: (1) there is a significant relationship between the test score and the self-estimated score: the higher the test score shows, the same trend the self-estimated score goes; (2) metacognition is the best predictor among the three independents based on the participants who learn the folk instruments; (3) but this trend differs in admission. This study fills up the vacancy of musical ability’s research, as well as the theory model exploration; it is the boomer who devotes itself to the select of the person, which shows both academic and practical significance.