我国已进入人口老龄化时代，习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中明确提出实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略，而老年大学作为为老年人提供学习机会和社交平台的教育机构，其发展面临新的挑战。本研究以积极老龄化为视角，选取新疆Y地州老年大学为案例，探讨其发展过程中存在的问题及可能的对策。
研究综合运用问卷调查法、实地调查法、访谈法和比较分析法，对Y地州老年大学发展现状进行调查。通过利益相关者理论和积极老龄化理论，着重聚焦“健康”“参与”和“保障”三大支柱，深刻剖析Y地州老年大学发展中存在的问题及原因。在借鉴国内外先进办学经验的基础上，提出了优化Y地州老年大学发展的对策建议，旨在推动其积极转型发展，促进老年教育提质增效。
在健康方面，Y地州老年大学存在办学条件薄弱、课程建设不完善，且舆论宣传不足等问题。为解决这些问题，建议搭建老年人参与健康共建的平台，强化服务设施，打造老年人的“温馨之家”，并加强课程体系建设以满足老年人健康发展需求。同时，提出强化积极老龄观宣传，以增进社会对健康的关注。在参与方面，存在多部门资源合作机制不畅、激发“老有所为”驱动不足、老龄人力资源开发意识不强的问题。为提升老年大学的参与水平，建议整合多方资源，构建多元化教学模式，激发老有所为的活力。同时，为老年人搭建参与社会的桥梁，提升老年人参与意愿，推动老年人职业再培训，促进老龄人力资源的全面开发。在保障方面，政策引导不够明确，法律法规体系不健全，管理机制亟待优化，经费保障不足，教学水平有限，师资层次有待提升。为构筑老年人受教育权利的保障体系，建议加强政策引导，完善相关法律法规制度，优化老年大学管理机制，加大经费保障。同时，加强师资储备库建设，提升教师梯队水平，以提高老年大学的教学水平和师资质量。
这些对策旨在推动Y地州老年大学积极转型，提升老年教育质量，形成具有特色的新模式，为老年人提供更全面的学习支持，积极迎接人口老龄化的挑战。

China has entered the era of population aging, and In the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered a report, explicitly proposed the implementation of a national strategy to actively address population aging. As an educational institution providing learning opportunities and social platforms for the elderly, senior universities face new challenges. This study, taking the perspective of active aging, selects the senior university in Y City, Xinjiang, as a case study to explore the problems in its development process and potential strategies.
The research comprehensively employs survey methods such as questionnaire surveys, on-site investigations, interviews, and comparative analysis to investigate the current development status of the senior university in Y City. Drawing on stakeholder theory and the theory of active aging, the study focuses on the three pillars of "health," "participation," and "guarantee," conducting a thorough analysis of the problems in the development of the senior university. Based on the experiences of advanced education both domestically and internationally, the study proposes strategies to optimize the development of the senior university in Y City, to promote its positive transformation and development, and enhance the quality and effectiveness of elderly education.
In terms of health, the senior university faces issues such as weak educational facilities, incomplete curriculum development, and insufficient public relations and publicity efforts. To address these challenges, it is recommended establishing a platform for seniors to participate in health co-construction, strengthen service facilities to create a "warm home" for seniors, and enhance curriculum system construction to meet the health development needs of the elderly. Additionally, there is a proposal to intensify the promotion of positive aging attitudes to enhance societal awareness of health.Regarding participation, challenges include inefficient cooperation mechanisms among various departments, inadequate motivation to inspire "doing something meaningful in old age," and a lack of awareness in developing the elderly workforce. To enhance the participation level of the senior university, suggestions include integrating resources from various sectors, constructing a diversified teaching model, and fostering the vitality of seniors in contributing meaningfully. Simultaneously, efforts should be made to build bridges for seniors to participate in society, boost their willingness to participate, promote vocational retraining for the elderly, and facilitate comprehensive development of the elderly workforce.In terms of guarantee, issues involve unclear policy guidance, an incomplete legal and regulatory system, an urgently needed optimization of management mechanisms, insufficient funding, limited teaching quality, and the need to elevate the academic qualifications of the teaching staff. To establish a safeguard system for the educational rights of seniors, proposals include strengthening policy guidance, perfecting relevant legal and regulatory systems, optimizing management mechanisms of the senior university, and increasing financial support. Furthermore, emphasis is placed on building a reserve of teaching staff, enhancing their qualifications to elevate the overall teaching standards of the senior university.
These strategies aim to drive the senior university in Y City towards active transformation, elevate the quality of elderly education, and establish a distinctive model to provide comprehensive learning support for the elderly, actively addressing the challenges posed by an aging population.