2001年，我国正式加入世贸组织，关于银行业开放的讨论十分热烈。主流观点认为：机遇方面，外资银行的进入有利于在我国银行业引进竞争机制，将为国内银行提供参照体系和竞争对象，推动我国银行业的改革和发展，提高我国银行业的效率，为我国经济发展提供更加充分、有效的金融支持。外资银行在技术、金融创新上处于领先地位，可以起到示范、激励和交流的作用，从而推动我国银行业技术改进和金融创新的进程。外资银行先进的管理理念和运行方式对提高国内银行的经营管理水平具有重要的借鉴意义。国内外银行业间的人才竞争和交流也有利于提高我国银行从业人员的素质。挑战方面，银行领域全面引入国际竞争，将使我国银行业面临世界开放市场的竞争和挑战，受到一定的冲击。国内一些不具备竞争优势的银行在全方位的国际竞争中必将经历一个痛苦的调整、转换和再生的过程，并有可能使国民经济在一定时期内出现一定程度的困难局面。外资银行进入将使民族金融业在业务、人才、管理以及监管等方面面临直接冲击，国内银行对于加入WTO后高度的市场竞争形势需要有个适应过程。可见，外资银行进入既给我国银行业带来了竞争活力，也给国内银行业发展带来压力和挑战。如今，入世过渡期已经结束，与入世前相比，我国的银行体系现在是否处于一个更有利的竞争地位呢？国内银行是否已经把竞争压力转化为动力？国内各银行所受的影响程度有多大的差异？这种差异存在的原因是什么？我们所希望的外资银行进入对我国银行效率的提高效应有没有发生？这种效率的提高主要发生在哪些银行？外资银行又是通过哪些途径提高这些国内银行效率的？这些问题都值得我们思考。因此，研究外资银行进入对我国银行效率的影响对于我国银行业的发展和改革具有重要的现实意义。本文将从外资银行的发展现状和趋势谈起，在综述相关文献的基础上，运用面板数据中固定效应的变系数模型，分析入世前后外资银行对我国各个银行收入效率、成本效率和利润效率的影响及其变化；并阐释了外资银行影响国内银行效率的途径，重点分析了外资银行通过影响我国银行业改革对国内银行效率提高的作用。

In 2001, PRC joins WTO, the discussion of banking opening has been very enthusiastical. The mainstream viewpoint is as follows. In the positive aspect, competitive system can be introduced into our banking markets, which will provide the competitor for the domestic bank. The entry of foreign banks will push our banking reformation and development, improve our banks’ efficiency, and provide more sufficient, effective finance support for our economic growth. The foreign bank is the leader on technology, finance innovation, which can set an example and accelerate communication. Consequently, the technology improvement and the innovative are promoted. Advanced administration ideas and operational modes of foreign banks are important to the domestic banks. The competition and communication of person with special ability at home and abroad is competed for and is also beneficial to improving our banks employees. In the negative aspect, the international competition will make our banking confront with the challenge from the whole world, suffer from certain concussion. Some domestic banks which do not have the competitive advantages will experience a bitter adjustment and regeneration. National economy may come through a difficult period. Foreign banks’ entry will make the national finance confront with direct concussion in the field of business, person with ability, management and overseeing. The domestic banks have a adaptive process in the market competition after joining in WTO. It can be seen that the foreign banks entry has brought about the competing energy to our banking, which also has brought about the pressure and challenge. Now, the transition period is already over. Comparing with years before 2002, is our banking system in a more advantageous position now? Have the domestic banks already change the pressure into the motivity? How far is the extent of difference by every domestic bank affected? What is the reason for the difference? Has the positive effect by foreign banks’ entry hoped by us happened? Which domestic banks benefit most? In which ways do foreign banks effect domestic banks positively? These problems are all worth thinking. Therefore, study the impact of foreign banks entry to domestic banks’ efficiency is significant to the development of our banking and reformation. The paper begins with the current situation and trend of the foreign banks in China. Founding on the summary of relevant documents, the paper using fixed effects model with different coefficient, analyses the change of income efficiency, cost efficiency and profit efficiency of domestic banks, whom is effected by foreign banks entry. The paper also explains how foreign banks have affected domestic banks, and it concentrated on how foreign banks affect our banking reform, thereby improve the efficiency of domestic banks.