民用无人机行业发展十分迅速，逐步融入到社会经济发展的重要一环。随着行业的广泛普及，已经在环境监测、地理测绘、交通巡查、电力巡检、农药喷洒、航拍摄影、警务执法等领域日益发挥出重要作用。但其智能化、便捷化为社会带来诸多便利的同时，民用无人机“随意飞、难管理”的问题愈发突出，严重扰乱了空中安全秩序，对社会公共安全带来了极大的风险隐患，严重威胁到航空空域和地面的人身财产的安全。我国对于民用无人机的监管起步较晚，虽然在2023年国务院发布了《无人驾驶航空器飞行管理暂行条例》，在一定程度上减少了事故问题的发生，但仍在探索构建多部门联合开展监管的模式。

本文以北京市民用无人机多部门合作监管为研究主线，针对北京市民用无人机监管过程中多个监管主体共同参与其中，逐步出现协同治理的趋势的实际情况，运用文献研究法、案例研究法和访谈法对当前北京市民用无人机多部门监管现状进行了梳理分析，实地到各监管部门开展了广泛的调研访谈，深入了解协同合作执行情况，收集获取详实的数据资料，并采取扎根理论方法对访谈获取的数据资料进行了归纳编码。而后，结合协同治理理论中的SFIC模型，围绕起始条件、催化领导、制度设计和协同过程等四个部分，分析了北京市民用无人机监管多部门的合作动机、合作机制、制度约束和合作过程等方面存在的困境和成因，揭示了北京地区现行合作监管模式下存在的不足。针对以上问题困境，本文依据SFIC模型，从四个方面提出了优化民用无人机多部门合作监管的对策路径：一是平衡部门地位利益，明确合作监管的目标体系；二是优化完善监管机制，提高多部门合作效率；三是细化监管法规制度，提供合作监管标准依据；四是强化监管技术手段，提升协同合作监管效果。

本文在当前国家大力推动民用无人机行业发展的背景下，深入研究分析了制约民用无人机监管多部门间当前合作的影响因素和对策路径，对于民用无人机监管实践层面的地市政府和行业协会等部门来说，如何实现多部门民用无人机监管协同合作的高效有序，对维护社会公共安全、规范行业各类行为、促进行业健康发展等方面有着重要意义。

The civil unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) industry has developed rapidly, gradually becoming an important part of social and economic development. With the widespread popularization of the industry, it has increasingly played a vital role in areas such as environmental monitoring, geographic surveying and mapping, traffic inspection, power inspection, pesticide spraying, aerial photography, and law enforcement. However, while the intelligence and convenience of civil UAVs have brought numerous conveniences to society, issues such as "casual flying and difficult management" have become increasingly prominent, seriously disrupting the air safety order and posing significant risks and hazards to social public safety, seriously threatening the safety of aviation airspace and ground personnel and property. China's regulation of civil UAVs started relatively late. Although the State Council issued the "Interim Regulation on the Administration of the Flight of Unmanned Aircraft" in 2023, which has reduced the occurrence of accidents to a certain extent, it is still exploring the construction of a multi-departmental joint regulatory model.

Taking the multi-departmental cooperative regulation of civil UAVs in Beijing as the main research line, this article focuses on the actual situation where multiple regulatory entities participate in the regulation process of civil UAVs in Beijing, and a trend of collaborative governance has gradually emerged. Using methods such as literature research, case studies, and interviews, this article sorts out and analyzes the current status of multi-departmental regulation of civil UAVs in Beijing. Extensive research interviews were conducted on various regulatory departments to gain a deep understanding of the implementation of collaborative cooperation, collect detailed data and information, and adopt the grounded theory method to inductively code the data obtained from the interviews. Then, Based on the SFIC model in the theory of collaborative governance, this paper analyzes the difficulties and causes of the cooperation motivation, cooperation mechanism, institutional constraints and cooperation process of the multi-department of civil UAV supervision in Beijing, focusing on four parts: starting conditions, catalytic leadership, system design and collaborative process. In response to the above issues and dilemmas, this article proposes countermeasures and paths to optimize the multi-departmental cooperative regulation of civil UAVs based on the SFIC model from four aspects: first, balancing departmental status interests and clarifying the target system for cooperative regulation; second, optimizing and improving the regulatory mechanism to improve the efficiency of multi-departmental cooperation; third, refining the regulatory laws and regulations to provide standards and basis for cooperative regulation; fourth, strengthening regulatory technical means to enhance the effect of collaborative cooperation in regulation.

Against the backdrop of the country vigorously promoting the development of the civil UAV industry, this article conducts in-depth research and analysis on the influencing factors and countermeasures that currently constrain the cooperation among multiple departments responsible for regulating civil UAVs. For local governments, industry associations, and other departments involved in the practical aspects of civil UAV regulation, achieving efficient and orderly multi-departmental coordination in the regulation of civil UAVs is of great significance in maintaining social public safety, regulating various behaviors in the industry, and promoting the healthy development of the industry.