20世纪40年代中后期，胡适是蒋介石最为看重的知识分子之一。这段时间正逢中国的解放战争，又恰好是胡适出任国立北京大学校长的时期，二者看似无关实际上却有必然的因果关系。胡适作为中国最具代表的右派自由主义知识分子之一，蒋介石十分重视其在知识界的领袖地位以及在美国朝野的声誉。争取胡适的支持，将有利于蒋介石在内战中争夺知识分子，也使美国在腐败独裁的国民政府中看到一丝民主自由的气息，因此蒋介石必须拉拢重用胡适。而胡适基于自由主义者的信仰，在反共议题上与蒋介石取得一致，故不惜背负骂名出席国民大会，并视蒋为唯一可以抗衡共产党之人。可以说解放战争时期胡蒋的政治关系是以反共为基础展开合作，胡适与蒋介石都把希望寄托在彼此身上，但蒋介石的最终失败只能使胡适丢弃北大，远走美国；而胡适虽然拥护蒋介石，但他的过于右倾反使其失去公信力，因而也未能改变蒋介石“抢救学人”计划的失败，更无法实现蒋介石争取美援、转败为胜的梦想。

In the late nineteen forties, Hu Shih is one of the most important intellectual to Chiang Kai-shek. In this period, China liberation war coincides with the term that Hu Shih was the President of National Peking University, which seemingly unrelated, but in fact inevitably related. Hu Shih is China's most representative rightist liberal intellectuals, and Chiang Kai-shek thinks much of Hu Shi's leader status in the intellectual world, and his good reputation in the United States government. for the support of Hu Shih will help Chiang Kai-shek to get the intellectuals' support in the civil war, and also let the United States see a democratic and free atmosphere in the corrupt and dictatorial government, so Chiang Kai-shek must rope Hu Shih and put him in an important position .Based on the liberal beliefs, Hu Shih consistent with the Chiang Kai-shek on anti-Communist issue. Therefore, he attend the National Congress in despite of infamy, and regard Chiang Kai-shek as the only one that can act as a counterweight to Communist Party. It can be said that the political relations between Hu Shih and Chiang Kai-shek during the war of liberation is based on the cooperate with the anti-Communist, they rest their hopes on each other, but Chiang Kai-shek's final failure led to Hu Shi's resignation on the President of National Peking University, and go to the United States. Although Hu Shih supported Chiang Kai-shek, but he's too Right deviation to get credibility with the public,thus unable to change the fails of Chiang Kai-shek's rescue the scholars program, but also can not achieve the Chiang Kai-shek's dream of gain help from USA and snatch a victory out of defeat.