域外各国犯罪记录消灭制度是伴随着犯罪记录登记制度的迅速发展和扩大化而提出来的，其主要目标是解决有犯罪记录的人顺利回归社会的问题。而各国关于犯罪记录消灭的法律制定于无网络的纸版文件时代，现代网络和数字化的发展使犯罪记录逐步具备了惩罚性、公开性和永久性，所以现代的网络信息科技对各国犯罪记录消灭法提出了新的挑战。 第一章说明了该主题的选题意义，学界既有研究综述，以及本文写作的方法论。第二章是关于国外犯罪记录登记制度的起源及发展，犯罪记录登记制度的起源主要有两种模式，一种是欧洲大陆国家的法官主导的登记模式，一种是英国和美国的警察主导的登记模式。之所以首先阐述犯罪记录登记制度，是因为各国不同的犯罪记录登记制度，直接导致了犯罪记录消灭法律和制度上的差异和由此而引发的各种社会问题上的差异。第三章考察了犯罪记录消灭思想的源起，以及各国有关犯罪记录消灭制度术语上的差别。第四章主要考察了美国的犯罪记录消灭法，因为美国是一个联邦制国家，因此其犯罪记录消灭法包括了联邦法和各州的法律，受联邦刑事政策影响，美国始终没有制定联邦层面的制定法，联邦层面的犯罪记录消灭问题由联邦判例法来调整，在各州层面，美国绝大多数州都制定了本州的犯罪记录消灭法。第五章主要考察了英国、加拿大、澳大利亚、法国、意大利、德国、瑞士等国家的犯罪记录消灭制度，由于语言局限和资料限制，对于这些国家的犯罪记录消灭制度只能做概括性的叙述。第六章主要讨论各国犯罪记录消灭制度的异同，犯罪记录登记制度的现代化发展引发的社会问题以及由此而引起的关于犯罪记录消灭制度的争论，当代社会犯罪记录消灭制度面临的主要困境。第七章主要叙述了国外学者提出的关于犯罪记录消灭制度可行性与否的分析，及相关替代措施。第八章结合域外各国犯罪记录消灭法律制度的经验教训，阐述了中国前科制度的渊源与发展及其与犯罪记录制度的关系，并对中国前科及前科消灭制度的构建及发展提出建议。

The system of criminal records expunction in various countries abroad was proposed with the rapid development and enlargement of the criminal record registration system. Its main goal is to solve the problem of people with criminal records successfully returning to society. The law on the criminal records expunction in various countries was enacted in the era of paperless documents without a network. The development of modern networks and digitization has gradually made crime records much more punitive, open, and permanent. Therefore, modern network information technology has pose challenges to law of criminal records expunction in various countries. The first chapter explains the significance of the topic theme of the paper, a review of the existing academic study, as well as the methodology of this article. The second chapter is about the origin and development of the foreign criminal record registration system. The origin of the criminal record registration system is mainly two models. One is the registration mode led by the judges of continental European countries, and the other is the mode led by police in United Kingdom and the United States. The reason why the criminal record registration system was first elaborated was that different criminal record registration systems in different countries directly led to the differences of legal and institutional systems in criminal records expunction and different social problems. The third chapter examines the origin idea of the crime record expunction and the differences in the terminology related to criminal records expunction law in various countries. The fourth chapter mainly examines the United States’ criminal records expunction system. Because the United States is a federal state, its criminal record expunction law includes federal laws and state laws. It is affected by federal criminal policies. The United States has never designated a Law of criminal records expunction at the federal level. Federal case law adjusts the criminal records expunction. At the state level, the vast majority of states in the United States have enacted the state's criminal record expunction statutes. The fifth chapter mainly inspects the criminal record expunction system in Britain, Canada, Australia, France, Italy, Germany, Switzerland, etc. Because of language and data limitations, we can only make a general description of the criminal record expunction system of these countries. The sixth chapter mainly discusses the similarities and differences of criminal record expunction systems in various countries, the social problems caused by the modernization of the criminal record registration system and the controversy over the expunction system of criminal records, and the major difficulties faced by the expunction system of criminal records in contemporary society. Chapter VII mainly describes the analysis of the feasibility of the expunction of criminal records system by foreign scholars, and related alternative measures. Chapter VIII combines the experiences and lessons learned from the system of criminal records expunction from foreign countries, and elaborates the origin and development of the Chinese criminal record system and its relationship with the criminal record system, and proposes suggestions for the establishment and development of the system for expunction of criminal records in china.