随着国际贸易量的与日俱增，提单作为海运的重要核心单据对贸易和运输的发展作出了巨大的贡献，承运人凭正本提单交货是国际公认也是法律明确规定和承认的基本准则。然而，由于技术的不断创新，单据的流转速度滞后于货物的运输速度、各方当事人对利益的追逐以及采用其他形式放货等原因，导致了“无单放货”现象的出现和严重化，呈现出一发不可收拾的态势。本文以采用文献研究结合案例分析的方法，主要针对无单放货问题的各种具体情形及其相应的责任归属加以说明，最后着重从出口商（托运人）和承运人的角度论述无单放货的风险防范措施。

With the development of international trade, the bill of lading has made great contributions to the development of transportation and trade as a core shipping document. It is internationally recognized and legally stipulated that the carrier should deliver the goods with the original B/L. However, because of the technology innovation, the moving of documents falls behind the transportation of goods and related parties use other forms of loaning out of their own interests. These lead to serious problem such as delivering goods without original B/L. This paper combining literature research with case analysis explains a variety of situations concerning the problem of delivering goods without original B/L and their corresponding attribution of responsibility. In the end, this paper gives measures to prevent risk from the perspective of consignor and carrier.