古人云：“王者以民人为天，而民人以食为天”。食品作为人类生存发展的最根本前提，其安全性不仅直接关系到每个人的切身利益，对国家经济的良好发展和社会的长治久安也有着不可忽略的重要作用。然而，随着改革开放我国市场经济的不断发展，其在带来经济腾飞的同时，也暴露出了诸多问题。对于食品市场来说，在利益的驱使下，一些不法商贩为了降低成本，在生产制作食品的过程中以次充好，采用品质低劣甚至不合格的原料，以获取更大的利润。此外，还有一些商贩在制作食品的过程中，由于卫生管制不到位，使得食品受到污染，给消费者造成了损失。这就导致了近年来，食品安全事件时有发生，对广大公众以及国家和整个社会都造成了恶劣的影响。由于食品关系到每个人的生活，是生存的必需，因此国人对此问题的关注度也越来越高。然而，在我国食品行业已经突飞猛进的今天，仅仅依靠政府监管的力量是远远不够的，如何更好得让公众这个具有最庞大群体加入到食品安全的监管中来就显得尤为重要。 基于此，本文首先从食品安全监管的概念和特征进行分析，并应用公民参与相关理论包括公众参与、公共治理以及市场失灵理论，阐释了公众参与食品安全问题的必要性。进而结合文献分析与问卷调查的研究方法，以2017年海底捞食品安全事件为例，通过发放调查问卷调查公众对此事件的看法，进而对公众参与食品安全监管的行为特征进行分析，并总结得出了公共参与食品安全监管主要存在的四个问题，包括公众参与食品安全监管的意愿不强、渠道不畅、所需信息不完整以及持续性较差。最后，本文试图探索出一套切实可行的符合我国现实需要的促进公众参与食品安全监管的路径，包括提高公众参与食品安全的积极性，畅通公众参与食品监管的渠道，加强食品信息的公示，建立并发展相关社会组织。从这四个方面提出改善我国现阶段公众参与食品安全监管过程中存在的问题及遇到的障碍，建立起相对完善的参与制度，为食品安全问题的解决提供思路。

There is an old saying, "the king takes the people as the heaven, and the people as food." As the most fundamental premise of human survival and development, food safety is not only directly related to the vital interests of everyone, but also plays an important role in the sound development of national economy and social stability. However, with the continuous development of the reform and opening up of China's market economy, it has brought economic take-off, but also exposed many problems. For the food market, driven by the interests of some illegal traders in order to reduce costs, in the production of food in the process of sub-prime, using inferior or even substandard raw materials, in order to obtain greater profits. In addition, there are some vendors in the process of food production, due to inadequate hygiene control, food contamination, causing losses to consumers. This has led to the occurrence of food safety incidents in recent years, which have caused adverse effects on the public as well as the country and the whole society. Because food is related to everyone's life and is necessary for survival, people are paying more and more attention to this problem. However, with the rapid development of the food industry in China, it is far from enough to rely solely on the power of government supervision. How to better let the public, the largest group, join in the food safety supervision is particularly important. Based on this, this paper first analyzes the concept and characteristics of food safety supervision, and explains the necessity of public participation in food safety issues by applying the theory of public participation, public governance and market failure. Based on the literature analysis and questionnaire survey, taking the Haidilao food safety incident in 2017 as an example, this paper investigates the public's opinions on the incident by issuing questionnaires, then analyzes the behavior characteristics of public participation in food safety supervision, and summarizes the four main existing problems of public participation in food safety supervision. Problems include the public's weak willingness to participate in food safety supervision, poor channels, lack of evidence and poor sustainability. Finally, this paper attempts to explore a set of practical ways to promote public participation in food safety supervision in line with China's actual needs, including improving the enthusiasm of the public to participate in food safety, smoothing the channels for public participation in food supervision, strengthening the publicity of food information, and establishing and developing relevant social organizations. From these four aspects, the problems and obstacles in the process of public participation in food safety supervision in China at this stage are improved, and a relatively perfect participation system is established to provide ideas for solving food safety problems.