目前基于自尊的相关研究和教育已成为个体心理健康发展的重要主题之一。研究发现自尊水平在个体的人际关系，学业表现，身心健康等各个方面都起着重要的作用，而低自尊水平则跟抑郁症，焦虑，自杀想法，青少年早孕，进食障碍，以及社会关系困难等多种心理问题之间有着密切联系。在日常生活中，自尊影响着个体的自我选择和生活方式。作为个体健康发展的重要特质之一，自尊对个人的内在世界与外在行为表现有着深远的影响。因此，对于自尊的理解、维护，和提升是需要重视的。情绪聚焦疗法(Emotion-focused Therapy)是一种改革的人本主义和循证实验取向的治疗方法，结合了多个当代情绪理论并以情绪发展神经生物学为基础，重视体验过程，融合其他流派取向的优势，发展出了自己的独特的理论体系（Goldman,  2019）。本案例将探索该疗法对于干预成年女性个体自尊水平的有效性与适用性。
     本个案来访者是一名低自尊水平成年女性，目前在某高校读研学习过程中。来访在学业方面碰到较严重的拖延问题，对此感到强烈的自我受挫感，以及较多的负面评价。来访同时出现情绪性进食行为，并较难控制相关行为。来访对于自己在学业以及个人生活的方面出现的问题，都呈现出失控感，焦虑以及抑郁情绪、希望通过咨询能重获自我掌控感、自我认同感，并调节情绪。
     本研究中，咨询师收集来访者信息资料，同时使用抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、罗森伯格自尊量表在不同阶段对于来访者的情绪状态以及自尊水平进行评估。经过对于主诉问题的个案概念化，咨询师认为造成来访目前问题的主要原因包括：稳固的自我批评模型、自我打断模式、核心痛苦情绪的不接纳、未被满足的需求等。这些因素让来访内在的工作模式中，呈现出分裂的部分，造成强烈的冲突感，来访对此感到悲伤、羞耻和恐惧，在这些情绪背后则是期待能被理解和认可的需求。根据来访个案概念化情况，本个案采取情绪聚焦个体疗法（Emotion-focused Individual Therapy, EFIT），协助来访深入情绪并进行转化工作。
     咨询过程主要分为三个阶段，包括联结与觉察、唤起与探索、产生替代选择，共计12次面谈，每次面谈50-60分钟。在咨询初期（第1-3次），咨询师强调稳定安全关系的建立，收集来访者重要主诉信息，评估情绪风格，初步进入自我觉察与情绪联结的体验工作。在咨询第二阶段（第4-9次），咨询师协助来访者深化情绪，寻找核心痛苦情绪，进行深层情绪联结工作。在咨询后期（第10-12次），咨询师协助来访转化非适应情绪，产生新的健康适应情绪、重构认知， 并对体验过程进行回顾。
     经过12次个体咨询，来访呈现以下正向变化：（1）情绪调节能力增强，能及时觉察情绪并进行调节。（2）情绪容纳之窗的拓宽，对于核心痛苦情绪耐受力的增强，获得更多积极情绪的体验。（3）自我掌控感与认可感提升，同时其情绪性进食行为与学业拖延情况均有所缓解。（4）内外互动模式的改变，内在分裂部分进行了整合，对外在挑战事件开始呈现更加积极主动的态度。
    本研究旨在探讨情绪聚焦个体疗法对于干预低自尊水平成年个体的有效性与适用性，为该疗法在国内的研究领域提供案例和参考资料。

    Recently, a large number of research and education based on self-esteem has become one of the important topics in the development of individual mental health. Studies have found that self-esteem plays an important role in individual interpersonal relationships, academic performance, physical and mental health. Additionally, low self-esteem is closely associated with depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts, early pregnancy in adolescents, eating disorders, and social relationships difficulties, other psychological problems, etc. In daily life, self-esteem affects individuals’ personal choice and lifestyle. As one of the important characteristics of the healthy development of individuals, self-esteem has a profound impact on their inner world and outer behavior. Therefore, it is important to take serious consider of the understanding, maintenance, and promotion of self-esteem. Emotion-focused Therapy (EFT) is a reformed humanistic and evidence-based experimental approach. The therapy integrates multiple contemporary emotional theories and neurobiology of emotional development. EFT emphasizes the experience process and learns from the advantages of other approaches that develops its own unique theoretical system. This case explores the effectiveness and applicability of EFT to intervene in adult woman’s individual self-esteem.
    The interviewee in this case is an adult woman with low self-esteem currently studying in university. The interviewee encountered serious procrastination problems in her study and felt a strong sense of self-defeat with negative evaluations. The client was accompanied by emotional eating behaviors, and had difficulty controlling related behaviors. The patient also showed loss of control, anxiety, and depression for her problems in her academic and personal life. She hoped that she could regain self-control, self-identity, and regulation of personal emotions through counselling.
    In this study, the counselor collected information from the client, used the Depression Self-Rating Scale, the Anxiety Self-Rating Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale to evaluate the emotional state and self-esteem level of the patient at different stages. After case conceptualization of the main complaint, the counselor believes that the main reasons for the current problems of the patient include: a solid self-criticism model, a self-interruption model, non-acceptance of core painful emotions, unmet needs, etc. These factors make interviewee’s internal working mode to be divided, resulting in a strong sense of conflict, sadness, shame, and fear. Behind these emotions is the need to be understood and recognized. According to the conceptualization of the visiting case, this case adopts Emotion-focused Individual Therapy (EFIT) to assist the visiting person to deepen their emotions and carry out transformation work.
    The consultation process is mainly divided into three stages, including connection and awareness, arousal and exploration, and generation of alternative choices. A total of 12 interviews were performed, and each interview lasts 50-60 minutes. At the initial stage of consultation (1st to 3rd session), the counselor emphasized the establishment of a stable and safe relationship, collected important information from the client’s complaint, evaluated emotional style, and entered the experiential work of self-awareness and emotional connection. In the second stage of consultation (4th-9th session), the counselor assisted the client to deepen emotions, found core painful emotions, and carried out deep emotional connection work. In the last stage of the consultation (10th-12th session), the counselor assisted the patient to transform non-adaptive emotions into new healthy adaptive emotions, reconstructed cognition, and reviewed the consultation process.
    After 12 individual consultations, the client showed the following positive changes: (1) The ability to regulate emotions is enhanced, and the client are capable to perceive and adjust emotions in time. (2) The window of emotional tolerance is broadened with more positive emotional experiences and the tolerance to core painful emotions improves a lot. (3) The sense of self-control and identity has improved, while both the emotional eating behavior and the academic procrastination eased. (4) The internal and external interaction mode has changed that the internal divisions have been integrated, leading a proactive attitude towards external challenges.
     The investigation aims to explore the effectiveness and applicability of Emotion-focused Individual Therapy for intervening adult individuals with low self-esteem, and to provide the case and reference for this therapy in the domestic research field.