共同富裕表达了人们对美好生活的热切向往，是社会主义本质的体现和中国共产党矢志不渝的奋斗目标，同时也是马克思主义的基本价值诉求。马克思恩格斯一生的理论和实践始终致力于实现无产阶级的解放及共同富裕，深入且全面地探讨这一思想理论，对当代中国进一步发展完善共同富裕具有至关重要的意义。

马克思恩格斯的共同富裕思想在特定的历史条件下孕育而成，具有深厚的社会背景及理论基础。这一思想的形成，正值西方工业革命，社会生产力空前发展，与之相伴的却是财富的两极分化和阶级矛盾的日益尖锐。马克思恩格斯汲取启蒙思想理性、平等和自由的精髓，在古典政治经济学分配理论的影响下探讨劳动价值论和剩余价值，从德国古典哲学中吸收辩证法的内核，不断揭示社会发展的内在矛盾和运动规律，从空想社会主义学家对理想社会的描绘和追求中思考共同富裕。在对社会不公现象的关注和贫苦大众的关切中，马克思恩格斯揭露资本主义的生产实质，构划未来社会理想图景，指明人类解放途径，逐步形成并完善其共同富裕思想。为实现共同富裕的目标，马克思恩格斯从生产力、生产资料、分配方式等多个角度进行深入阐述，强调大力发展生产力，提高生产效率，创造更多社会财富。同时，改革生产资料所有制，实现生产资料的社会化，构建公平合理的分配制度，确保社会成员能够根据自己的劳动和贡献获得相应报酬。马克思恩格斯对共同富裕的理论和实践探索，彰显出其理论的人民性、发展性和实践性特质。马克思恩格斯的共同富裕思想，作为科学社会主义理论的重要组成部分，对当代中国在促进和发展共同富裕的进程中具有重要意义。

新时代背景下的共同富裕思想既继承了马克思恩格斯关于社会公平与共同富裕的核心理念，更在新的历史条件下，结合中国国情，进行了富有创新性的拓展和深化。深入研析马克思恩格斯共同富裕思想，不仅有助于我们系统全面地理解马克思主义的理论体系，同时对探索符合中国实际的发展道路，解决当代中国社会财富分配不均、贫富差距扩大等问题，促进社会公平正义，推动经济持续健康发展，满足人民对美好生活的向往具有重要意义。

The Commonwealth expresses people's ardent desire for a better life, is the embodiment of the essence of socialism and the unswerving goal of the Communist Party of China, and is also the basic value demand of Marxism. The theory and practice of Marx and Engels throughout his life have always been devoted to the realization of the liberation of the proletariat and the commonwealth, and an in-depth and comprehensive discussion of this ideology and theory is of vital significance to the further development and improvement of the commonwealth in contemporary China.

Marx and Engels' idea of commonwealth was conceived under specific historical conditions, with a profound social background and theoretical foundation. The formation of this idea coincided with the Western Industrial Revolution and the unprecedented development of social productive forces, which was accompanied by the polarization of wealth and the increasingly acute class conflicts. Marx and Engels drew on the essence of rationality, equality and freedom of Enlightenment thought, explored the labor theory of value and surplus value under the influence of classical political economy's theory of distribution, absorbed the kernel of dialectics from classical German philosophy, constantly revealed the inherent contradictions and laws of movement of social development, and contemplated the commonwealth from the depiction and pursuit of an ideal society by the idealistic socialists. In his concern for social injustice and the poor and needy, Marx and Engels exposed the essence of capitalism's production, drew an ideal picture of the future society, pointed out the way to human liberation, and gradually formed and perfected his idea of commonwealth. In order to realize the goal of commonwealth, Marx and Engels elaborated on it from various perspectives, such as productive forces, means of production and mode of distribution, and emphasized the vigorous development of productive forces, improvement of production efficiency and creation of more social wealth. At the same time, reforming the ownership system of the means of production, realizing the socialization of the means of production, and constructing a fair and reasonable distribution system to ensure that members of the society can receive appropriate remuneration according to their own labor and contributions. Marx Engels' theoretical and practical exploration of the commonwealth highlights the people-oriented, developmental and practical qualities of his theory. As an important part of the theory of scientific socialism, Marx and Engels' idea of commonwealth is of great significance to contemporary China in the process of promoting and developing commonwealth.

The idea of commonwealth in the context of the new era not only inherits the core concepts of Marx and Engels on social equity and common wealth, but also expands and deepens them innovatively under the new historical conditions and in the light of China's national conditions. An in-depth analysis of Marx and Engels' idea of common wealth not only helps us understand the theoretical system of Marxism in a systematic and comprehensive way, but also is of great significance in exploring the development path in line with China's actual situation, solving the problems of uneven distribution of wealth and widening of the gap between the rich and the poor in contemporary China, promoting social justice, promoting the sustained and healthy development of the economy, and satisfying the people's aspirations for a better life.