科普读物是普及科学知识和传递科学精神的书籍，读者群体年龄跨度较大，其中青少年是最具潜力的读者市场。目前，我国针对青少年群体的科普读物中，引进的国外原版书籍占据主要地位。因此，国外青少年科普书籍的翻译肩负着文化交流和传播科学思想的重任。 笔者受重庆大学出版社委托，翻译青少年科普读物Introducing Genetics（《遗传学》）。在本次翻译实践中，笔者以目的论三原则为理论支撑,指导修改初稿译文：忠实原则保证译文语言精准科学；目的原则协助译文达到科普知识的交际目的；连贯原则实现了译文的流畅通顺。在目的论的指导下，笔者解决了翻译中遇到的难题，重新打磨初稿译文，并希望以本次翻译实践为例，为其他译者提供一点参考。 本翻译报告共分为四个章节：第一章简述本次翻译实践项目的背景，包括原著作者和文本类型介绍，并回顾翻译项目的译前准备工作；第二章是理论阐述，介绍了目的论的发展和目的论三原则的具体内容；第三章以目的论三原则为理论指导，从原文的理解与忠实、译文的表达和内容取舍等三个方面，借案例分析显示译者如何修改初稿译文；第四章总结本报告的发现与不足之处。通次此次翻译项目，笔者将目的论应用到实际翻译中，解决了在青少年科普文本翻译过程中常见的三大类难题：原文理解、译文表达和译文内容取舍，由此提高了自身的翻译水平，也为其他译者提供了借鉴。

Popular science books are used to popularize scientific knowledge and convey scientific spirit, whose reader group range from the old to the young. Among them, teenagers are the most potential readers. Now, in China, the imported foreign versions have occupied the main market of popular science books for teens. Thus, the translation of those books shoulders the responsibility of cultural exchange and dissemination of scientific ideas. The author is entrusted by Chongqing University Press to translate the popular science book for teenagers：Introducing Genetics. In this translation practice, the author takes Skopostheorie as the theoretical guidance to help revise the first version of the translation: fidelity rule guarantees the accuracy and scientificalness of the translation; skopos rule helps the translation to achieve the communicative purpose of popularizing science; coherence rule realizes the fluency of the translation. Under the guidance of Skopostheorie, the author has solved problems during translation and revised the first draft of the translation. The author hopes to provide some suggestions for other translators by taking this translation project as an example. This translation report has been divided into four chapters: Chapter 1 briefly introduces the translation project, including the introduction of the text author and text type, while also reviews the preparation of translation; Chapter 2 is the elaboration of Skopostheorie, including its development and the content of its three principles; Through the case analysis based on the three rules of Skopostheorie, Chapter 3 shows how translator has modified the first draft from following aspects: the understanding and faithfulness of the original text, the expression, deletion and addition of the translation. Chapter 4 summarizes findings and shortcomings of this report. In this translation project, the author applies Skopostheorie into practical translation, and solves three kinds of common problems during translation: the understanding of the original text, the expression, deletion and addition of the translation. Thus, the author improves her own translation and provides reference for other translators.