课外语言环境对第二语言学习有着重要意义，身处目的语语言环境中并且有效利用课外环境能够促进学习者的二语学习。但由于条件限制，部分汉语学习者无法前往目的语环境进行二语学习，因此在非目的语环境中创设一个良好的课外汉语语言环境就有其必要性。本文以意大利马切拉塔大学孔子学院为例，通过问卷调查法和访谈法，调查其课外汉语语言环境利用现状，分析利用情况，进一步探索影响学习者利用课外汉语语言环境的因素，并根据分析结果为有效利用课外汉语语言环境提出建议。研究发现，意大利马切拉塔大学孔子学院现有的课外汉语语言环境较为丰富，包括交际类和非交际类等多个环境项，这些环境为学习者提供了一定的语言实践机会，有助于他们提高汉语水平和了解中国文化。调查发现，在现有的课外汉语语言环境中，交际性课外汉语语言环境的整体利用情况处于中等水平，与汉语教师相关的环境利用充分，学习者在利用时以获取汉语知识及满足文化兴趣为目标的导向明显，学习者自身情况会对交际性环境利用产生一定的限制。非交际性课外汉语环境不同环境项之间利用情况差异明显，整体利用情况能够充分体现出孔院特有的文化特色。学习者在利用环境则存在差异，受到学习水平、性格特点、学习动机等内部因素和孔院客观条件、宣传力度、教师引导等外部因素影响。为了提高学习者对课外汉语语言环境的利用效果，本文从孔院创设环境、汉语教师引导利用环境、学习者有效利用环境三个方面提出建议。

Extracurricular language environments are of great significance to second language learning. Being in the target language environment and effectively utilizing the extracurricular environments can facilitate learners' second language learning. However, some Chinese learners cannot go to the target language environment for second language learning due to the limitation, so it is necessary to create a good extracurricular Chinese language environment in a non-target language environment. Taking the Confucius Institute at the University of Macerata in Italy as an example, this paper investigates the current situation of the extracurricular Chinese language environment through questionnaires and interviews, analyzes the situation of the utilization, further explores the factors affecting the learners' utilization of the extracurricular Chinese language environment, and puts forward suggestions for the effective utilization of the extracurricular Chinese language environment based on the results of the analysis.

The study found that the existing extracurricular Chinese language environments at the Confucius Institute at the University of Macerata in Italy are relatively rich, including both communicative and non-communicative environments, which provide learners with certain opportunities for language practice and help them to improve their Chinese language proficiency and understand Chinese culture. It is found that among the existing extracurricular Chinese language environments, the overall utilization of communicative extracurricular Chinese language environments is at a medium level, and the environments related to Chinese language teachers are fully utilized, and learners are obviously oriented towards acquiring Chinese language knowledge and satisfying their cultural interests in the utilization of these environments, while learners' own situations may impose certain limitations on the utilization of communicative environments. The non-communicative extracurricular Chinese language environment has obvious differences in utilization among different environmental items, and the overall utilization can fully reflect the unique cultural characteristics of the Confucius Institute at UM. Learners' utilization of the environment varies, and is affected by internal factors such as learning level, personality traits and motivation, as well as external factors such as the objective conditions of the Confucius Institute, publicity efforts, and teacher guidance. In order to improve the effectiveness of learners' utilization of the extracurricular Chinese language environment, this paper puts forward suggestions from three aspects: the creation of the environment by the Confucius Institute, the guidance of Chinese teachers in the utilization of the environment, and the utilization of the environment by learners.