大数据时代，儿童成为网络空间的原住民，而儿童在网络空间中的数据安全面临着比成人更严峻的风险挑战，特别是在近年来儿童数据泄露事件屡遭曝光的背景下，如何保护儿童数据安全成为了全球共同关注的问题。

近年来，世界各国的立法对于儿童年龄的认定逐渐趋于低龄化，儿童也逐渐成为一个独立于未成年人的概念，这一变化更凸显了数字时代下对儿童的重视和关照，因此，保护儿童数据安全需要厘清相关概念。一方面，儿童数据强调主体身份的可识别性，其中的儿童敏感数据和儿童隐私数据应当受到法律的保护。儿童数据与一般个人数据相比，两者虽然都涉及个人信息和隐私的保护，但是在权利主体、权利渊源和应用场景上有所不同。另一方面，儿童数据权满足法律权利的构成要素，是儿童数字权利的一部分，是兼具财产属性和人格属性的一种复合型权利，应当受到法律的保护。因此，儿童数据安全的保护需要采取更加贴合儿童的措施，以确保儿童数据安全得到有效保护。

目前，我国儿童数据法律保护的建设已初见成效，在立法上已出台了多部涉及保护儿童数据安全的法律法规，成为儿童数据保护的法律制度基础。但是还存在着不完善和不健全之处。一方面，在保护理念上未能充分落实儿童最大利益原则，缺乏技术素养教育等情况。另一方面，在保护机制上仍存在法律保护体系不完善、科技平台履责不足和执法监管力度不强等问题。

在完善我国儿童数据法律保护的工作中，既要树立新型的儿童数据安全保护理念，即坚持儿童利益最大原则为指导、注重平衡数据赋权与保护的冲突、培育向善的科技理念和数字素养；又要稳步建立完善的儿童数据安全保护机制，即完善儿童数据保护的法律体系、压实平台主体责任、强化监管力度。“硬措施”和“软措施”共同发力，为处在边缘地位的儿童提供更加坚实的法律保护。

In the era of big data, children have become aborigines in cyberspace, and children's data security in cyberspace is facing more severe risk challenges than that of adults. Especially in the context of repeated exposure of children's data leakage incidents in recent years, how to protect children's data security has become a global concern. 

In recent years, the identification of children's age in legislation has gradually become younger, and children have gradually become a concept independent of minors. This change has highlighted the attention and care for children in the digital age. Protecting children's data security needs to clarify related concepts. On the one hand, children's data emphasizes the identifiability of the subject, and the sensitive data and private data of children should be protected by law. Compared with general personal data, children's data both involve the protection of personal information and privacy, but they are different in the subject of rights, the source of rights and application scenarios. On the other hand, children's data right meets the elements of legal rights, is a part of children's digital rights, and is a compound right with both property attributes and personality attributes, which should be protected by law. Therefore, the protection of children's data security needs to take measures that are more suitable for children to ensure that children's data security is effectively protected. 

At present, the construction of legal protection of children's data in China has achieved initial results, and many laws and regulations concerning the protection of children's data security have been promulgated in legislation, which has become the legal system foundation of children's data protection. However, there are still imperfections and imperfections in the protection concept and protection mechanism. 

In the process of improving the legal protection of children's data in China, we should not only establish a new concept of children's data security protection, that is, adhere to the principle of children's best interests as the guide, pay attention to balancing the conflict between data empowerment and protection, and cultivate the scientific and technological concept and digital literacy of goodness; It is also necessary to steadily establish a sound child data security protection mechanism, that is, improve the legal system for child data protection, compact the main responsibility of the platform, and strengthen supervision. "Hard measures" and "soft measures" work together to provide more solid legal protection for marginalized children.