近年来，公共卫生事件已经成为对人类社会发展的严重威胁，尤其是对人民生命和健康的直接威胁。自新冠肺炎疫情在 2019 年底爆发以来，这一事件对群众的生活方式、社会整体稳定性、经济发展以及沟通交流方面都带来了巨大的影响。这次疫情的突然爆发性、危害严重性、社会传染性、影响不确定性引起了全球各国的广泛关注。习近平总书记曾指出疫情防控要建立联防联控机制，要求各部门整合资源，形成防控合力。口岸作为国家对外开放的窗口，人员、交通和货物交流方面非常频繁，是应对突发公共卫生事件的关键环节，且政府间跨部门合作已成为口岸应对突发公共卫生事件的必然选择。在应急响应情况下，跨部门合作能更好地反映平日里跨部门合作的真实水平。为做好疫情防控工作，珠海成立了由口岸管理部门、市有关职能部门与属地部门等单位组成的珠海市防控境外重点地区新冠肺炎疫情输入专项工作组，全面统筹拱北口岸疫情防控工作。并成立现场指挥部，通过打破行政层级壁垒，实现了统一调度协同指挥，提高了协同处置效率。在疫情发生时，各部门能够快速响应，并充分利用联防联控机制对经拱北口岸的出入境人员、车辆和货物实施全程管理，确保口岸的疫情防控措施得到有效执行。同时，在合作的过程中，也发现因为非常态化的跨部门合作，存在因部门间推诿扯皮、信息分享不足、资源供给碎片化和跨部门合作人力不足与专业性不强等问题而导致的合作不畅。

基于上述背景，本文旨在回答以下研究问题：突发公共卫生事件下，口岸各部门在跨部门合作方面合作的困境是什么？其造成困境的原因是什么？本文以突发公共卫生事件下口岸的跨部门合作机制为研究对象，以整体治理理论、公共危机管理理论和扎根理论为基础，构建了影响跨部门合作的分析框架，并进一步基于单案例研究方法，以拱北口岸拱北口岸在新冠肺炎疫情防控过程中的跨部门合作执行为案例开展实证研究。本研究主要结论有：（1）建立口岸跨部门合作机制是应对突发公共卫生事件的必要手段，可以通过建立疫情防控领导小组、信息共享机制、协作配合机制和联合执法机制等方式实现；（2）在公共卫生事件下，拱北口岸的跨部门合作机制发挥了重要作用，协调了各部门的力量，
加强了疫情防控工作，保障了口岸的正常运转；（3）在实践中，拱北口岸的跨部门合作机制存在一些问题，如存在因部门间推诿扯皮、信息分享不足、资源供给碎片化和跨部门合作人力不足与专业性不强等。这些问题需要得到及时解决，以提高口岸疫情防控工作的效率和效果；（4）继续加强口岸跨部门合作机制的建设，明确职责分工，畅通沟通机制，完善考核体系等可以有效提高口岸疫情防控能力，确保口岸运转的安全和顺畅。本文的研究结论对于进一步推进口岸各部门之间的合作体制、机制和法制建设，提高各口岸部门应对突发公共卫生事件的协同作战能力，对于保障广大人民群众的根本利益、维护社会稳定和国家安全具有极为重要的政策启示。

In recent years, public health emergencies have become a serious threat to the development of human society, especially to people's lives and health. Since the outbreak of COVID-19 at the end of 2019, this event has had a huge impact on people's lifestyles, social stability, economic development, and communication. The sudden outbreak, severity, social contagiousness, and uncertainty of this epidemic have attracted widespread attention from countries around the world. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that epidemic prevention and control should establish a joint prevention and control mechanism, and require various departments to integrate resources and form a joint prevention and control force. As a window of China's opening to the outside world, ports are very frequent in personnel, transportation, and goods exchanges, and are a critical link in responding to public health emergencies. Inter-departmental cooperation across the government has become an inevitable choice for ports to respond to public health emergencies. In emergency response situations, inter-departmental cooperation can better reflect the real level of inter-departmental cooperation in normal times. To do a good job in epidemic prevention and control, Zhuhai has established a special working group composed of port management departments, relevant functional departments, and local departments to comprehensively coordinate epidemic prevention and control work at Gongbei port. And set up a command center, breaking through administrative barriers, achieved unified dispatch and coordination, and improved the efficiency of collaborative disposal. When the epidemic occurred, various departments could respond quickly, and fully utilized the joint prevention and control mechanism to implement full-process management of inbound and outbound personnel, vehicles, and goods through Gongbei port, ensuring the effective implementation of epidemic prevention and control measures at the port. At the same time, in the process of cooperation, it was found that due to non-normalized inter-departmental cooperation, there were problems such as departmental buck-passing, inadequate information sharing, fragmented resource supply, and insufficient manpower and professionalism in inter-departmental cooperation, which led to poor cooperation. 
    Based on the above background, this article aims to answer the following research questions: What are the difficulties in inter-departmental cooperation among ports in responding to public health emergencies? What are the reasons for these difficulties? This article takes the inter-departmental cooperation mechanism of ports under public health emergencies as the research object, based on the theories of holistic governance, public crisis management, and risk society, constructs an analysis framework that affects inter-departmental cooperation, and further based on the single-case study method, takes Gongbei port's inter-departmental cooperation execution in the prevention and control of COVID-19 as a case for empirical research. The main conclusions of this study are: (1) Establishing an inter-departmental cooperation mechanism for ports is a necessary means to respond to public health emergencies, which can be achieved by establishing epidemic prevention and control leadership groups, information sharing mechanisms, cooperation and coordination mechanisms, and joint law enforcement mechanisms, etc.; (2) Under public health emergencies, Gongbei port's inter-departmental cooperation mechanism played an important role, coordinated the efforts of various departments, strengthened epidemic prevention and control work, and ensured the normal operation of the port; (3) In practice, Gongbei port's inter-departmental cooperation mechanism has some problems, such as departmental buck-passing, inadequate information sharing, fragmented resource supply, and insufficient manpower and professionalism in inter-departmental cooperation. These problems need to be solved in a timely manner to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of epidemic prevention and control work at the port; (4) Continuing to strengthen the construction of inter-departmental cooperation mechanisms at ports, clarifying responsibilities, smoothing communication mechanisms, and improving assessment systems can effectively improve the epidemic prevention and control capabilities of ports, ensuring the safety and smooth operation of ports. The research conclusions of this article have important policy implications for further promoting the cooperation system, mechanism, and legal construction among various departments of ports, improving the coordinated combat capabilities of various port departments in responding to public health emergencies, and safeguarding the fundamental interests of the people, maintaining social stability and national security.