传记作为一种独特的文学体裁，记述名人的生平成就和轶事奇闻，深受全世界读者喜爱。好的传记文学作品，不仅能让读者了解传记主人公的事迹，更能带给读者美的享受。在全球化程度日益加深的今日世界，中国与域外的文化交流迈入了前所未有的繁荣阶段，对国外名人名家的传记进行汉译，既可以帮助中国读者了解国外的历史、学习国外的优秀文化，同时，对于中外文化交流也有着深刻的意义。

本篇汉译实践报告的源文本选自《断头女王》（Mary, The Queen of Scots），该作是关于苏格兰女王玛丽·斯图亚特（Mary Stuart）的传记，其原著作者是奥地利作家茨威格（Stefan Zweig）。作品记述了苏格兰女王玛丽跌宕起伏的人生历程，不仅刻画了一位悲剧的薄命红颜，更展现了14至15世纪欧洲王室的诡谲风云，其语言细腻生动，对历史事件和人物活动的描绘都笔力十足。笔者根据德国翻译学家诺德（Christiane Nord）的文本分析模式理论对这部传记作品从文内因素和文外因素两方面进行了细致分析，而后确定了在本次实践过程中主要运用工具型翻译策略中的相似翻译策略还原原文的功能。本篇报告将记录本次实践的过程，结合具体的案例，通过对比直译译文和运用相似翻译策略得出的译文，研究文本分析模式指导下的相似翻译策略以及转换、省略、增补、替代、还原等翻译方法在传记文学作品汉译中的实际运用。望本报告中的分析过程以及经验总结能为日后的传记文学汉译研究带来一些启发。

As a unique literary genre, biography is popular among readers all over the world. A biography portrays a person’s life experience, involving his or her significant life events and anecdotes. By reading those biographical works of high quality, readers can not only learn about the subject’s life story, but also obtain aesthetic enjoyment. Nowadays, the sino-foreign cultural exchanges are flourishing owing to the rapid advance of globalization. To translate the biographies of foreign celebrities into Chinese is of great help to Chinese readers to know more about the history and culture of foreign countries, thus further contributes to the sino-foreign cultural exchange.

This report is based on the translation of Mary, The Queen of Scots, a biography of Mary Stuart written by Stefan Zweig, which not only follows the ups and downs of this queen’s tragic life, but also shows the conflicts among the royal families of different European countries in the 14^th and 15^th centuries. The descriptions of historical events in this work are delicate. Based on Christiane Nord's text analysis theory, the author analyzes the source text from the perspective of the extra-textual factors and intra-textual factors, then chooses to use the homologous translation strategy (a type of instrumental translation strategy) to restitute the functions of source text in the translation. This report records the translation process, explores the employment of homologous strategies and methods including conversion, omission, amplification, substitution and restitution, etc. by comparing the literal translation version and the revised version using homologous strategies, thus to discuss how to apply those strategies and methods in biography translation. It is hoped that the analysis process and the experience summed up in this report can provide some implications for biography translation in the future.