对未来职业的探索和规划是高中生阶段的一项重要课题，进行积极主动的探索是高中生选择大学专业、理想职业的关键。随着新高考改革、双减政策的实施，高一新生选科选考成为高中生最早面临的任务，因此本文主要针对高一学生这一群体进行研究。此外，父母是孩子的第一任老师，尤其处于全新环境下的高一学生，父母成为其重要支撑和决策影响因素，而处于青春期的学生面对激增的心理冲突和升学压力，父母更应该扮演好自己的角色，缓解其学业压力以及帮助学生更好地探索自我和环境。数据显示，大多数高中生对 未来的职业选择和规划处于茫然状态，高中生面临着自我同一性危机和职业探索困难的双重挑战，在对自身定位极度模糊的情况下，更是难以对选科选考等问题进行抉择，所以需要重视高中生的同一性发展。本研究考察高一学生职业探索的现状与特点，探讨其父母教 养方式、自我同一性与职业探索的关系，提供一些数据参考，为家庭、学校教育及个体在 职业探索发展方面提供新的理论视角，进而为提高职业探索水平提供新的方法和策略。 
本研究采用量化研究方法，以北京、浙江两地 900 余名高一学生为样本，采用《中学 生职业探索问卷》《父母教养方式问卷》《自我同一性状态量表》进行施测，验证父母教 养方式对职业探索的直接作用，并探讨自我同一性在父母教养方式与职业探索之间的中介 作用。依据数据结果进行质性研究，以其中 10 名高一学生为访谈样本，深入探讨其关系 和影响，用实证研究解释该模型和路径的产生原因。研究结果如下： 第一，高一学生职业探索总体处于一般水平，其中行为层面滞后于情感与认知层面。 父母教养方式以权威型、溺爱型为主。自我同一性状态在积极的延缓状态、同一性扩散至 积极的延缓中间状态人数最多。 
第二，高一学生职业探索在性别、是否为独生子女上的主效应都不显著。不同生源地、 是否接受职业咨询在三个维度中效果显著。 
第三，相关结果分析表明，父母教养方式对职业探索有显著的正向预测作用，自我同 一性对职业探索有显著的正向预测作用，各维度都呈两两相关性。 
第四，在中介效应检验中，自我同一性在父母教养方式与职业探索间的中介效应显著，自 我同一性起部分中介作用。 
第五，父母教养方式越权威，越促进自我同一性发展，职业探索水平越高。 
第六，父母给予适当的监督与参与，能提高个体探索和承诺水平，促进个体职业探索能力。  

The exploration and planning of future careers is an important topic for high school students, and active exploration is the key for high school students to choose university majors and ideal careers.With the implementation of the new college entrance examination reform and the double reduction policy, the selection of subjects and examinations for freshmen in high school has become the earliest task faced by senior high school students. Domestic research mainly focuses on the career exploration of college students. This paper mainly studies the group of senior high school students.In addition, parents are their children's first teachers, especially for senior high school students in a new environment. Parents become their important support and decision-making factors. For adolescent students, facing the surge of psychological conflicts and pressure to go to school, parents should play a more important role. Relieve their academic pressure and help students better explore themselves and the environment.Finally, the data shows that most senior high school students are at a loss about their future career choices and plans. Senior high school students are faced with the dual challenges of self-identity crisis and career exploration difficulties. In the case of extremely vague self-positioning, it is even more difficult for them to pay attention to the identity development of senior high school students.Therefore, this study intends to investigate the current situation and characteristics of the career exploration of senior high school students, explore the relationship between their parenting patterns, self-identity and career exploration, understand the current development of senior high students' career exploration, and provide some data for reference. The exploration and its influencing factors and mechanism provide new theoretical perspectives for families, school education and individuals in the development of career exploration, and then provide new methods andstrategies for improving the level of career exploration. 
This study adopts a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods, taking more than 900 senior high school students in Beijing and Zhejiang , using the "Middle School Students' Career Exploration Questionnaire" and the "Parenting Styles Questionnaire" "Self-Identity Status Scale" were tested to verify the direct effect of parenting style on career exploration, and to explore the mediating role of self-identity between parenting style and career exploration. The results of the study are as follows: 
1.The descriptive result analysis shows that the career exploration of senior high school students is generally at a general level, and the behavioral level lags behind the emotional and cognitive levels. Parenting styles are mainly authoritative and doting. The self-identity state is the largest in the active deferred state, and the identity diffuses to the active deferred intermediate state. 
2.The analysis of the results of demographic variables shows that the main effects of the occupational exploration of senior high school students in terms of gender and whether they are only children are not significant. Different origins and whether to accept career counseling have significant effects in the three dimensions. 
3.The analysis of correlation results shows that, Parenting style has a significant positive predictive effect on career exploration. Self-identity has a significant positive predictive effect on career exploration. 
4.In the mediating effect test, the mediating effect of self-identity between parenting style and career exploration is significant. Parenting styles can indirectly influence career exploration through self-identity. Self-identity plays a partial mediating role in the mechanism of parenting style and career exploration. 
5.The more authoritative parenting style is, the more it promotes the development of self-identity and the higher level of career exploration. 
6.Parental supervision and participation can improve the level of individual exploration and commitment, and promote the ability of individual career exploration.