全国青少年校园篮球特色学校数量多、分布广，基于GIS对篮球特色学校的空间布局进行分析以得到其空间分布特征，可以为篮球特色学校的建设提供理论依据，优化现有的布局。通过GIS软件对数据进行可视化、核密度分析、方向分析、热点分析、缓冲区分析并结合影响因素进行了探讨。研究结果表明：
1.篮球特色学校的空间分布分为密集和稀疏两区，具有局部的集聚性。四年累计的篮球特色学校分布呈“东南多西北少”，篮球特色学校东南密集区与西北稀疏区分界线大致与“胡焕庸线”重合。
2.篮球特色学校的辐射区域较大，且东西存在差异，东南地区覆盖率高且辐射作用强，西北部地区覆盖率小，但也产生了一定的辐射作用。
3.篮球特色学校的方向分布不明显，篮球特色学校的分布从全国尺度上看分布离散，相对合理。
4.篮球特色学校的空间分布受多方面因素的影响。政策因素是影响其发展的主要因素；其次经济发展水平一定程度上对其分布也有影响；人口与自然环境等也会直接或者间接地影响其空间分布。
 

There are a large number and wide distribution of basketball characteristic schools on youth campuses nationwide. Based on GIS, the spatial layout of basketball characteristic schools is analyzed to obtain their spatial distribution characteristics, which can provide theoretical basis for the construction of basketball characteristic schools and optimize the shortcomings of the existing layout. Through GIS software, data visualization, kernel density analysis, direction analysis, hotspot analysis, buffer analysis, and influencing factors were explored. The research results indicate that:
1. The spatial distribution of basketball characteristic schools is divided into two areas: dense and sparse, with local agglomeration. The cumulative distribution of basketball characteristic schools over the past four years is characterized by "more in the southeast and less in the northwest". The boundary between the southeast dense area and the northwest sparse area of basketball characteristic schools roughly overlaps with the "Hu Huanyong Line".
2. The radiation area of basketball characteristic schools is relatively large, and there are differences between the east and the west. The coverage rate in the southeast region is high and the radiation effect is strong, while the coverage rate in the northwest region is small, but it also has a certain radiation effect.
3. The direction distribution of basketball characteristic schools is not obvious; The distribution of basketball characteristic schools is scattered and relatively reasonable on a national scale.
4.The spatial distribution of basketball characteristic schools is influenced by multiple factors. Policy factors are the main factors that affect its development; Secondly, the level of economic development also has an impact to a certain extent; Population and natural environment can also directly or indirectly affect their spatial distribution.