在当前经济全球化的形势下，风险投资在国家经济发展中起着重要的作用。但风险投资的高风险和高收益特点又要求对风险投资做出最优的决策。那么如何对各个风险投资过程中的风险因素进行定性分析和量化，并在此基础上通过组合投资的方式获取最大的收益呢？ 鉴于风险投资中的模糊不确定性和大量风险因素，本文的理论部分运用改进的层次分析法和模糊综合评判法相结合的风险评判模型对单个风险投资项目中的风险因素进行定性和量化分析，从而选取风险相对较低的项目进行投资；再对风险相对在可接受范围内的一系列项目，应用模糊线性规划理论建立最优的风险投资组合模型，实现收益最大化、风险最小化，使其更加全面，更符合当前的风险投资环境。实例部分通过对某半导体芯片项目的风险分析验证了风险评判模型的可行性；和以北京某投资公司的投资计划为例验证模糊线性规划投资组合模型的有效性和实用性。 通过以上模型的建立，对风险企业项目投资的风险进行了系统分析，为投资者进行投资风险分析、减少项目投资活动带来的风险损失提供了参考，具有较强的实用性和可操作性。基于模糊线性规划的风险投资组合模型，为投资者的风险投资决策提供了一定的依据。对风险投资的风险和组合的研究，从理论上和实践上都具有非常重要的意义。

In the current situation of economic globalization, venture investment plays an important role in the country's economic development. However, the high-risk and high-yield characteristics of venture investment also request to make the best decision-making. This leads to two problems: how to give a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the risk factors in the process of venture investment? And how to maximize the returns by the way of portfolio? In view of the fuzziness and the large number of risk factors in venture investment, this paper uses the risk evaluation model which is combined by the improved analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to give a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the risk factors in a venture capital project for selecting a relatively low risk investment project. And then, among the projects, whose risks are relatively acceptable, this paper presents an optimal portfolio model by the use of fuzzy linear programming for maximizing revenues and minimizing the risk. This model will be more useful in line with the current investment environment. In the empirical part of this paper, the risk analysis of one semiconductor chip project verifies the feasibility of risk evaluation model. And Beijing Investment Company’s investment plan is taken as an example to verify the effective and practical of the fuzzy linear programming portfolio model. Through the above model, we can get a systemic analysis of the risk in the venture investment projects. It provides a reference to investors for analyzing risks and reducing the loss associated with the risks of project investment activities. It has a strong practical applicability and interoperability. The portfolio model based on fuzzy linear programming provides a certain basis for the venture investment of investors. Research on the risk and portfolio is of great significance in both theory and practice.