俄罗斯作家是有着强烈的社会责任感的群体，他们在作品中表现出的强烈的苦难意识是在与苦难斗争和探索中对民族、人类命运和前途的关怀。在总结俄罗斯民族文学创作的基础上我们认为：苦难意识是俄罗斯作家心理积淀中的深层意识，这种意识体现于俄罗斯各个时期的文学作品中。俄罗斯文学作品真实地反映了人的苦难，通过苦难叙述揭示作家对社会或人的批判性认识与否定性评价，并以人道主义精神和高度的社会责任感为指导，以解脱苦难为目标，引导人类走向真善美爱，是具有进步意义的苦难意识。

Russian writers are groups of intense social responsibility. The keen tribulation consciousness in their works is a kind of solicitude for the nation， the fate and the future of people who are struggling against and exploring in tribulations. On the basis of summing up the literary creation of Russia， we reckon that tribulation consciousness is the deeper consciousness in Russian writers' psychological accumulation， which is exemplified in Russian literary works of each period and has already become one of the guiding ideologies of Russian authors. Russian literature faithfully reflects people's tribulations， and by describing the tribulations authors make their critical understanding of the society and the people and negative evaluation known. Guided by humanistic spirit and strong social responsibility， tribulation consciousness， which aims at remedying tribulations and leading humans to sincerity， kindness and virtuousness， is of great progressive significance.