当前，我国学龄儿童含糖饮料消费比例在逐年上升，含糖饮料的消费在学龄儿童群体中越来越盛行。然而，过量摄入含糖饮料会对学龄儿童的健康产生不利影响。有研究表明，近年来，农村地区学龄儿童含糖饮料摄入量的增幅要高于城市地区，但农村地区学龄儿童的经济、教育以及医疗资源等方面均落后于城市地区学龄儿童。因此，为了维护农村地区学龄儿童的健康，探究农村地区学龄儿童含糖饮料摄入行为的影响因素具有重要意义。

本研究属于横截面调查研究，以农村地区的学龄儿童为研究对象，使用方便抽样的方法，分别在黑龙江、河南、四川及贵州地区的中小学校开展调研，共收集1023份有效问卷。在数据分析方面，采用描述性统计分析、独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、皮尔逊相关分析、逐步回归分析方法等方法，探究了农村地区学龄儿童含糖饮料摄入行为特点，分析不同性别、年级、地区的学龄儿童在计划行为理论维度上是否存在差异，并探究在计划行为理论中有哪些因素会影响农村地区学龄儿童含糖饮料摄入意愿和行为。

本研究丰富了计划行为理论在学龄儿童健康行为领域运用，预测和解释了农村地区学龄儿童含糖饮料摄入行为的影响因素。为控制农村地区学龄儿童含糖饮料摄入的相关健康政策及社会工作干预提供参考意见。

主要研究结论如下。

（1）农村地区学龄儿童饮用含糖饮料普遍存在，有63.4%的学龄儿童上周至少有一天喝过含糖饮料，有50%的学龄儿童表示昨天喝过饮料。但农村地区学龄儿童含糖饮料摄入频率较低，36.7%的学龄儿童表示几乎不在一周内喝含糖饮料，而仅有5.5%的学龄儿童表示一周的每天都在喝含糖饮料，在昨天选择没有喝饮料的人数占50%。

（2）不同性别在含糖饮料摄入行为之间存在显著差异；不同年级在行为态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制、含糖饮料摄入意愿与含糖饮料摄入行为之间存在显著差异；不同地区在主观规范、知觉行为控制、含糖饮料摄入行为有显著差异。

（3）在控制了人口学等因素的混杂干扰后，行为态度显著正向影响农村地区学龄儿童含糖饮料摄入意愿（b=0.25，P<0.001），主观规范显著正向影响其含糖饮料摄入意愿（b=0.23，P<0.001），知觉行为控制同样也能显著正向影响其含糖饮料摄入意愿（b=0.45，P<0.001）。

（4）在控制了人口学等因素的混杂干扰后，行为态度显著负向影响农村地区学龄儿童的含糖饮料摄入行为（b=-0.15，P<0.01），知觉行为控制显著负向影响含糖饮料摄入行为（b=-0.18，P<0.001），主观规范正向影响含糖饮料摄入行为（b=0.09，P<0.05），农村地区学龄儿童含糖饮料摄入意愿对行为没有影响作用（b=-0.03，P>0.05）。

 基于研究结果，本研究从农村地区学龄儿童的微观、中观、宏观层面，为社会工作介入预防和控制农村地区学龄儿童过量摄入含糖饮料提供干预建议。

At present, the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages by school-age children in China is increasing year by year, and the popularity of these beverages among this population is also on the rise. However, excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages can have adverse effects on the health of school-age children. Some studies have shown that in recent years, the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages among school-age children in rural areas has increased more rapidly than in urban areas, despite the fact that school-age children in rural areas do not have access to the same economic, educational, and healthcare resources as their urban counterparts. Therefore, in order to improve the health of school-age children in rural areas, it is important to examine the factors influencing the consumption behavior of sugar-sweetened beverages among this population.

This study is a cross-sectional survey research that focuses on school-age children in rural areas. Using convenience sampling, the study was conducted in primary and secondary schools in Heilongjiang, Henan, Sichuan, and Guizhou regions, respectively, and a total of 1,023 valid questionnaires were collected. In terms of data analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis methods were employed to investigate the consumption behaviors of sugar-sweetened beverages among school-age children in rural areas. The study aimed to explore the characteristics of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption behavior among school-age children in rural areas, and to analyze whether there are differences in the theoretical dimensions of planned behavior among schoolchildren of different genders, grades and regions, and to analyze the factors within the Theory of Planned Behavior that may influence the willingness and behavior of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption among school-age children in rural areas.

This study enriches the application of the Theory of Planned Behavior in the field of health behaviors among school-age children, predicting and explaining the influencing factors of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption behavior among school-age children in rural areas. It provides reference opinions for controlling related health policies and social work interventions regarding sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among school-age children in rural areas.

Key findings of the study include.

(1) In rural areas, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among school-age children is widespread. 63.4% of school-age children had consumed sugar-sweetened beverages at least one day last week, and 50% of school-age children reported drinking beverages yesterday. However, the frequency of intake of sugar-sweetened beverages among school-age children in rural areas was low, with 36.7% of school-age children reporting that they hardly drank sugar-sweetened beverages during the week, while only 5.5% of school-age children reported that they drank sugar-sweetened beverages every day of the week, and 50% chose not to have a drink yesterday.

(2) There were significant differences between genders in sugar-sweetened beverage intake behaviors; significant differences between grades in subjective norms, behavioral attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and sugar-sweetened beverage intake intentions and behaviors; and significant regional differences in subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and sugar-sweetened beverage behaviors.

(3) After controlling for confounding factors such as demographics, behavioral attitude significantly positively influences the willingness of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among school-age children in rural areas (β=0.25, P<0.001), subjective norms also significantly positively influence the willingness of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (β=0.23, P<0.001), and perceived behavioral control similarly has a significant positive impact on the willingness of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (β=0.45, P<0.001).

(4) After controlling for confounding factors such as demographics, behavioral attitude significantly negatively influences the sugar-sweetened beverage consumption behavior among school-age children in rural areas (β=-0.15, P<0.01), perceived behavioral control significantly negatively influences the sugar-sweetened beverage consumption behavior (β=-0.18, P<0.001), subjective norms positively influence the sugar-sweetened beverage consumption behavior (β=0.09, P<0.05), and the willingness of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption does not have a significant impact on behavior (β=-0.03, P>0.05).

Based on the research findings, this study offers intervention recommendations for social work to prevent and control excessive sugar-sweetened beverages consumption among school-age children in rural areas at micro, meso, and macro levels.