近年以来，如何培养中小学生的计算思维是国内外教育界十分关注的问 题。培养计算思维的有效途径之一是编程教育，而 Python 则是 K-12 阶段编 程教育有效的工具载体。评价是教学中的重要组成部分，然而现阶段并没有自 动化测评 Python 程序文本中蕴含的计算思维的工具。基于此，本研究设计开 发了一款自动化测评计算思维的工具——PyCTCheck，并对其进行了有效性验 证。接着，本研究应用该工具具体对比了不同性别、年龄阶段学生计算思维得 分的差异，分析了基于纸笔测验、基于程序设计的计算思维评价方式的相关度。 最后，本研究对中小学阶段的计算思维评价提出了建议。

In recent years, the development of computational thinking in primary and secondary school students has been a major concern in the education sector both at home and abroad. One of the effective ways to cultivate computational thinking is programming education, and Python is an effective tool carrier for programming education at K-12 level. Evaluation is an important part of teaching and learning, yet at this stage there is no automated tool to measure the computational thinking embedded in Python program texts. Based on this, this study designed and developed an automated tool to assess computational thinking, PyCTCheck, and validated its validity. The tool was then used to compare the differences in computational thinking scores between students of different genders and ages, and to analyse the correlation between paper-and-pencil-based and programming-based approaches to assessing computational thinking. Finally, the study makes recommendations for the assessment of computational thinking at primary and secondary school levels.