在2019年4月27日刚刚结束的第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛中，各国家、地区及企业达成了一系列重要合作成果。其中，在廉洁丝绸之路分论坛上，中国与有关国家、国际组织以及工商界学术界代表共同发起了《廉洁丝绸之路北京倡议》，旨在推动沿线国家间的反腐合作，共建法治交流合作机制，打造风清气正的营商环境。 伊朗作为“一带一路”的重要支点国家，了解其腐败现状及反腐败刑事法律制度，对我国今后开展对伊合作，有着重要意义。但目前此方面的研究较少，因此，本文拟对伊朗反腐败刑事法律制度进行梳理，为与伊朗开展合作提供一定参考。 透过联合国、世界银行和透明国际对伊朗做的腐败调查可以看出，该国目前腐败问题严重，各种形式的腐败已遍及国家的各个层级。不过，伊朗并没有对腐败放任自流，而是采取了一定法律措施来防止情况的恶化。 伊朗国内的反腐败法律制度可以分为惩治和预防两个方面。在惩治腐败方面，伊朗目前已通过刑事立法，将部分腐败行为犯罪化，并在相关法律中对腐败案件的追诉和审判程序做了规定，以打击腐败行为，使犯罪人受到相应的法律制裁。另外，对腐败犯罪可能涉及的后续问题，如洗钱以及违法所得的追缴等，法律也做出了相应规定，以保护公共财产，维护国家和社会的利益。除此之外，伊朗还通过法律设立了多个反腐败机构，分工配合，落实法律的反腐败规定。在预防腐败方面，伊朗采取了一些措施来规范政府和企业的行为，防止和减少腐败的滋生，包括进行政务公开、制定公职人员行为准则以及出台企业合规和反商业贿赂规定等。但在司法实践中，法律的规定并不能得到充分落实，腐败现象仍然频频发生。 在反腐败国际合作方面，伊朗已通过《引渡法》和《司法合作法》对引渡和相关司法互助行为做了规定。除此之外，伊朗和外国缔结的条约以及批准加入的国际公约也被视为国内法的一部分，其中的相关规定也同样是开展反腐行动的法律依据，具有法律效力。伊朗目前加入的或展开合作的反腐败国际机构并不多，但随着国内反腐力度的加大，伊朗也开始积极寻求国际合作。不过，伊朗制裁问题仍然是其展开国际合作时的一个不稳定因素，一些相关法案由于触及此类问题，出台过程并不顺利。中伊两国目前关系稳定，且将在“一带一路”的背景下，开展更加深入的合作。在反腐败领域，两国也常有往来，并且已达成多项司法条约。伊朗对我国的反腐举措表示赞赏，并希望通过“一带一路”继续加强交流学习，共同推进两国发展。

In the second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, which just ended on April 27, 2019, various countries, regions and enterprises reached a series of important cooperation results. Among them, at the Thematic Forum on Clean Silk Road, China, together with the relevant countries, international organizations, as well as representatives from the business and academic circles, jointly launched the Beijing Initiative for the Clean Silk Road, which aims to promote anti-corruption cooperation among countries along the road, build a legal exchange and cooperation mechanism, and create a business environment with clean atmosphere. Iran is an important fulcrum of the Initiative. Understanding the current corruption situation and anti-corruption criminal legal system in Iran is of great significance to China’s future cooperation with it. However, there are few researches in this field at present. Therefore, this paper intends to collate Iran’s anti-corruption criminal legal system, so as to provide some references for the cooperation with Iran. Through the corruption investigation conducted by the United Nations, the World Bank and Transparency International on Iran, it can be seen that the country has a serious corruption problem at present, and various forms of corruption have spread to all levels of the country. However, Iran has not let corruption go uncontrolled, but has taken certain legal measures to prevent the situation from deteriorating. The anti-corruption legal system in Iran can be divided into punishment and prevention. In terms of punishment, there are criminal laws that criminalize some acts of corruption and some relevant laws that stipulate the prosecution and trial procedures for corruption cases, which are used to crack down on corrupt acts and subject offenders to corresponding legal sanctions. In addition, the law has also made corresponding provisions on the follow-up issues that corruption crimes may involve, such as money laundering and recovery of illegal gains, so as to protect public property and safeguard the interests of the state and society. Besides, Iran has established a number of anti-corruption agencies through laws, which work in coordination with each other to implement the anti-corruption provisions of laws. In terms of prevention, Iran has taken some measures to regulate the behavior of the government and enterprises in order to prevent and reduce the occurrence of corruption, including making government affairs public, formulating codes of conduct for public officials, and issuing regulations on enterprise compliance and anti-commercial bribery. However, in practice, legal provisions have not been fully implemented and corruption still occurs frequently. In terms of international cooperation against corruption, Iran has stipulated extradition and related mutual legal assistance through the Extradition Law and the Judicial Cooperation Law. In addition, treaties concluded between Iran and foreign countries and international conventions ratified and acceded to by Iran are also regarded as part of domestic laws, and the relevant provisions therein are also the legal basis for anti-corruption actions and have legal effect. There are not many international anti-corruption agencies that Iran has joined or cooperated with. However, with the increase of domestic anti-corruption efforts, Iran has begun to actively seek international cooperation. However, the issue of Iran sanctions is still an unstable factor in its international cooperation, and some related bills have not been introduced smoothly because they touch on such issues. At present, China and Iran have stable relations and will carry out more in-depth cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative. In the field of anti-corruption, the two countries have frequent exchanges and have reached a number of judicial treaties. Iran appreciates China’s anti-corruption measures and hopes to continue to strengthen exchanges and study through the Belt and Road Initiative to jointly promote the development of the two countries.