本论文研究了液晶双折射效应对液晶盒输出光偏振状态的影响，探索了一种利用输出光偏振状态的变化来测量液晶盒表面锚泊方向和液晶盒扭曲角的简单方法。在本论文的实验中，通过改变入射光的偏振方向，研究了入射光的偏振方向对液晶盒扭曲角测量结果的影响；通过固定偏振方向、调节入射光的强度，发现入射光的光强不影响液晶盒扭曲角的测量结果；本论文还在显微镜下观察了在电场作用下，液晶中威廉姆斯畴的形成，探讨了此畴结构对液晶电光性能的影响。

n this thesis, we studied how the birefringence effect of the liquid crystal influenced on the polarization state of the light after it passed through the nematic liquid crystal cell. We found that there existed a simple way to measure the anchoring direction and the twisted-angle of the liquid crystal cell by means of analyzing the variation of the polarization degree of the light before and after transmitting the cell. In our experiments, we studied how the polarized direction influenced on the result of the twist angle measurement by changing the direction of the light polarization. We found that the light intensity had no effect on the twist angle measurement when we fixed the polarization direction but changing the intensity of the incident light. Aslo, we observed the formation of Williams domains in the liquid crystal cell under an external electric field by employing a microscopy and discussed the influence of these domains on the electro-optical properties of the liquid crystal cell.