“过劳”和“内卷”是当今社会各行各业普遍存在的现象，这一现象对人们的身心健康有着不良影响，并带来了负面的社会效应。本研究从社会现象出发，探讨个体过度努力的倾向如何受到感知社会流动性这一对社会结构性客观因素的主观感知的影响；同时，引入精英主义信念这一因素，创新性地探索了它在其中的作用机制。本研究通过二手数据分析和实验室研究，证实精英主义信念在感知社会流动性对个体过度努力倾向的影响中起着中介作用。具体而言，感知社会流动性对精英主义信念有着积极的影响，精英主义信念在不同类型的任务中对过度努力倾向发挥相反的作用。研究同时还证明，精英主义信念中的描述性内容而非规范性内容起到了主要作用。研究结果有助于加深对个体层面过度努力的现象的理解；同时，精英主义信念的中介作用，既对过度努力现象的心理成因有所补充，也对“内卷”现象的阴暗面有所启示。

"Overwork" and "involution" are common phenomena in today's life, which have adverse effects on people's physical and mental health, as well as negative social effects. This study examines how the tendency of individuals to overwork is affected by perceived social mobility, a subjective perception of a objective structural factors, and how the belief of meritocracy plays a role in this phenomenon.
Through secondary data analysis and laboratory research, this study confirms that the belief of meritocracy mediates the effect of perceived social mobility on individuals' propensity to over-effort. Specifically, perceived social mobility has a positive effect on the belief of meritocracy, and the belief of meritocracy play opposite roles on over-effort in different types of tasks. The study also demonstrates that the descriptive rather than the prescriptive content of belief of meritocracy plays a major role. 
The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the phenomenon of over-effort at the individual level. At the same time, the mediating role of the belief of meritocracy complements the psychological causes of over-effort and sheds light on the dark side of the phenomenon of "involution".