向世界讲好中国故事是新时代我国进行国际交流的重要任务。由于文物是文化载体之一，因此文物翻译领域的研究愈发得到重视。本文以勒菲弗尔的“改写理论”为宏观指导，旨在探讨中国国家博物馆陶瓷文物名称的翻译问题，收集中国国家博物馆陶瓷文物中英文名称语料279条，按照通名、器型、釉彩、纹饰、窑址、款识对语料进行分类整理和分析。
本文指出当前陶瓷名称翻译整体存在的几个主要问题，包括漏译、译文不统一、文化信息误译等，这些问题不仅影响了文物名称的传达效果，也可能误导观众对文物的理解和认知，因此给出相应解决措施。进一步集中视角于通名的翻译，提出结合器物的功能和器型命名直译、音译加注释、释译法、多种方法结合等翻译方法，解决通名翻译信息缺失严重、译文高度不统一的问题。同时归纳了陶瓷文物名称翻译的范式，并从文物特性、术语精准性以及文化传播重要性三个维度提出了陶瓷文物名称翻译的原则。这一研究为陶瓷文物名称的翻译实践和学术研究提供了参考，进而在提升国家博物馆乃至中华文化的国际影响力方面发挥积极作用。

Presenting compelling China stories to the world is a critical task for our country’s international exchanges in the new era. As cultural artifacts are one of the carriers of culture, the study of cultural artifact translation has garnered increasing attention. Guided by Lefevere’s “Rewriting Theory,” this study aims to explore the translation issues related to the names of ceramic artifacts in the National Museum of China. It collects 279 English and Chinese names of ceramic artifacts from the National Museum of China, which are classified and analyzed according to generic names, shapes, glazes, ornamental motifs, kiln sites, and inscriptions.

This study points out several major issues existing in the current translation of ceramic names, including omissions, inconsistencies in translations, and improper translation of cultural information. These issues not only affect the effectiveness of the transmission of artifact names, but also potentially mislead the audience’s understanding and cognition of the artifacts. Therefore, corresponding solutions are proposed. Furthermore, focusing on the translation of generic names, this study proposes translation methods such as literal translation according to the function and shape of the cultural artifact, transliteration with annotations, interpretive translation, and combinations of multiple methods to address the issues of severe information loss and high inconsistency in the translation of generic names. Also, it comprehensively outlines the paradigms employed in translating ceramic artifact names, and advances principles for such translations grounded in three aspects: the unique characteristics of cultural artifacts, the precision of terminology, and the significance of cultural dissemination. This study offers insights for both practical translation and academic studies of ceramic artifact names, then contributes to enhancing the international influence of the National Museum of China and even Chinese culture.