平行问答对是汉语口语交际中一种形式特殊的会话相邻对。在语料调查中，我们发现平行问答对具有可区分的形式功能类型，且应答功能的实现具有可探讨的形式驱动路径。本文在借鉴国内外研究成果的基础上，立足于汉语自然会话语料，对汉语口语中的平行问答对进行了应答形式、应答功能和应答机制方面的考察。

研究发现：汉语平行问答对的应答形式可以分为韵律变换和成分替换两类。韵律变换以重音变换和语调变换为主；成分替换以义场成分替换、应答域内外成分替换、构式成分替换为主。汉语平行问答对的应答功能既有常规语义功能也有特殊语用功能。常规语义功能主要是针对是非问句和正反问句进行明确肯否、针对特指问句和选择问句提供指定信息；特殊语用功能主要是质疑提问、否定预设义、否定言外义、有言回避等。常规语义功能与特殊语用功能既有独用也有共现。汉语平行问答对的应答机制包括应答形式建构机制和应答功能实现机制。形式建构机制包括复用成分的选择和变换替换成分的选择；功能实现机制主要是韵律层面的“信息-重音”平衡机制、信息层面的多层语义对应机制和成分层面的共鸣效果整合机制。

本文共分六章。第一章是绪论，主要介绍本文的研究问题和研究价值，说明研究方法和语料来源，总结评述已有相关研究，并在此基础上说明本文关注的重点问题。第二章对汉语平行问答对进行了概念界定和类型划分。主要是对汉语平行问答对的概念来源和界定规则进行了详细说明，并结合基本的形式功能描写，将汉语平行问答对划分为韵律变换问答对和成分替换问答对。第三章对韵律变换问答对进行分析，发现韵律变换问答中应答的主要形式是重音和变调，主要功能是质疑、肯定和回击，主要机制是对比焦点定位与多层语义对应；第四章对成分替换问答对进行分析，认为成分替换问答对中应答的主要形式是义场成分替换、应答域内外成分替换和构式成分替换，主要功能是多元指向否定、合作回击、有言回避等，主要机制是特定成分的复用与替换、多层语义对应和复用替换的共鸣整合。在这一部分，我们还发现部分平行问答对的问答句式由于使用频繁或含义特殊而具有构式倾向。第五章对汉语平行问答对的应答机制进行整合说明，包括汉语平行问答对中应答的形式建构机制和功能实现途径，功能实现途径也即汉语平行问答对的形式意义联结方式。第六章是本文的结论和余论，对已完成的研究与仍可深入探讨的问题进行简要说明。

Parallel question-answer pairs are a form of conversational adjacency pairs that are specific to Chinese oral communication. In the corpus survey, we found that parallel question-answer pairs have distinguishable types of formal functions, and the realization of responding function has a form-driven path that can be explored. In this paper, we examine the response forms, response functions and response mechanisms of parallel question-answer pairs in spoken Chinese based on the natural conversational corpus of Chinese.

It is found that the response forms of parallel question-answer pairs in Chinese can be divided into two categories: rhythmic transformation and component substitution. Rhyme transformations are mainly alliteration transformations and intonation transformations; component substitutions are mainly meaning field component substitutions, component substitutions inside and outside the responding domain, and construct component substitutions. The response functions of Chinese parallel question-answer pairs have both conventional semantic functions and special pragmatic functions. The conventional semantic functions are to explicitly affirm or deny the right and wrong questions, and to provide specified information for the specific and selective questions; the special semantic functions are to question the questions, to deny the presupposed meaning, to deny the extra-verbal meaning, and to avoid the words. Regular semantic functions and special pragmatic functions are both unique and co-occurring. The response mechanism of Chinese parallel question-answer pairs includes the response form construction mechanism and the response function realization mechanism. The form construction mechanism includes the selection of reused components and the selection of transformed substitution components; the function realization mechanism is mainly the "information-accent" balance mechanism at the rhyme level, the multi-layer semantic correspondence mechanism at the information level and the resonance effect integration mechanism at the component level.

This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is an introduction, which introduces the research problem and value of this paper, describes the research method and the sources of the corpus, summarizes and reviews the existing related researches, and on this basis, explains the focus of this paper. The second chapter defines the concept and classifies the types of Chinese parallel question-answer pairs. The main purpose is to explain in detail the conceptual sources and definition rules of Chinese parallel question-answer pairs, and to classify Chinese parallel question-answer pairs into rhyme-transformation question-answer pairs and component-substitution question-answer pairs by combining the basic formal function descriptions. Chapter 3 analyzes the rhyme-transformation Q & A pairs and finds that the main forms of response in rhyme-transformation Q & A pairs are alliteration and prosody, the main functions are questioning, affirmation and retort, and the main mechanisms are contrastive focus positioning and multilayer semantic correspondence; Chapter 4 analyzes the component substitution Q & A pairs and finds that the main forms of response in component substitution Q & A pairs are meaning field component substitution, component substitution inside and outside the response domain, and constructive component substitution. The main functions are multiple pointing negation, cooperative comeback, and verbal avoidance, etc. The main mechanisms are reuse and replacement of specific components, multilayer semantic correspondence and resonant integration of reuse replacement. In this section, we also find that the question-answer sentences of some parallel question-answer pairs have a tendency to be constructed due to their frequent use or special meanings. Chapter 5 provides an integrated account of the response mechanism of Chinese parallel question-answer pairs, including the formal construction mechanism and the functional realization way of response in Chinese parallel question-answer pairs, which is also the formal meaning association way of Chinese parallel question-answer pairs. Chapter 6 concludes and concludes the paper with a brief description of the completed research and the issues that can still be explored in depth.