动态助词是汉语虚词中一个重要的词类，它表达动作的状态。汉语中大部分的动态助词从动词而演变来的。早的魏晋时期开始充当结果补语或连动谓语的后颈。到了唐代通过虚化的过程完成了动态助词。宋代是动态助词系统内部调整、融汇、规范的时期，这时各类助词的结构逐渐稳定，功能日趋明确，助词系统基本形成。 本文研究《朱子语类》当中动态助词进行统计、描写、分析。《朱子语类》是南宋时期大学者朱熹弟子讲学语录，成书于南宋度宗咸淳六年（1270年），编者是黎靖德。大体上反映了当时文人的口语面貌，其中也许杂有弟子本人方言的成分。本文的研究思路是在共时平面上的变异以及历时平面上的演变。研究办法主要是基于定量分析。近代汉语的动态助词的数量比现代汉语多，主要有“著”、“过”、“了”、“却”、“取”、“得”，而现代汉语中的动态助词只有“着”、“过”、“了”，近代汉语与现代汉语相比有相同也有不同的方面，但现代汉语的动态助词是在近代汉语的动态助词的基础上发展演变而来。本文共有三个部分:第一部分，绪论中确立了本文界定动态助词的标准，介绍《朱子语类》动态助词以往的研究成果。最后提到本文研究的价值。第二部分，本文主要的部分。对《朱子语类》动态助词系统进行了共时描写。在此基础上将共时描写和历史比较结合起来，深入考察了《朱子语类》6个动态助词的演变历史，分别从格式、意义和功能对各类动态助词进行分析、考察其发展，以说明《朱子语类》中动态助词的全貌。第三部分，本文的结语。归纳总结了《朱子语类》中的动态助词。探讨《朱子语类》的动态助词整个汉语史上地位。

Auxiliary word, which is used to describe a state of movement, is an important part of speech in Chinese. Most of the Chinese auxiliary words stem from verbs. During Southern and Northern Dynasties, they were used as predicate complements or the second verb in the multiple-verb-sentence. It was not until Tang Dynasty that they became the current form of auxiliary words. In Song Dynasty, an auxiliary word matured into the more clear structure and function via standardization process, which contributed to its current basic usage system. This thesis analyzes, describes, and presents statistics of auxiliary words in Zhuzi Yulei, quotations from Zhuzi who was a Song Dynasty leading scholar. Zhuzi Yulei (compiled by Li Jingde in 1270) contains various tones of dialects of his students as well as the spoken language in those days.The main research threads of this thesis are of two directions: (horizontal) variation research and (vertical) historical research. The research methodology in the thesis takes a quantitative approach. The modern Chinese has more auxiliary words than the current Chinese does. The modern Chinese has auxiliary words such as “zhe”, “guo”, “le”, “que”, “qu”, and “de”, while today’s Chinese has only three auxiliary words of “zhe”, “guo”, and “le”. There are both common and different features in the modern and the current Chinese, and the current Chinese auxiliary words develop from the modern Chinese.This thesis consists of three parts.First part, as an introduction, presents the criteria of auxiliary words and describes the previous work of Zhuzi scholars, as well as the impact of this research.Second part, as the main result of this research, presents horizontal description of auxiliary words in Zhuzi Yulei. The six auxiliary words are examined and analyzed via the historical research to investigate the transition process, formality, and meanings of those auxiliary words in Zhuzi Yulei.Third part, as conclusion, discusses and considers auxiliary words in Zhuzi Yulei as well as in the Chinese linguistic history.