执行功能是一种复杂的高级认知机能，包括抑制控制、工作记忆和认知灵活性三个子成分。学前期是幼儿执行功能发展的关键期，越来越多的研究者开始关注这一时期家庭养育质量对幼儿执行功能发展的作用。母子互动对幼儿执行功能发展的影响已经得到研究证实，但作为家庭系统成员之一的父亲对幼儿执行功能发展的影响仍未得到足够关注。 本研究选取118名2-4岁幼儿通过间隔6个月的两次测查考察其执行功能三个子成分的发展状况；同时通过观察法和问卷法考察父子互动对幼儿执行功能发展的影响及父母协同教养与父子互动对幼儿执行功能的交互作用。 结果表明： (1)2-4岁幼儿执行功能的三个子成分在两次测查之间没有显著性发展。 (2)父子互动对幼儿执行功能的工作记忆成分具有直接的预测作用。 (3)父母协同教养与父亲自主性支持的交互作用可以预测幼儿的工作记忆和抑制控制，即当父母协同教养得分高于3.44时，父亲自主性支持对幼儿抑制控制的预测作用边缘显著，且预测作用随父母协同教养得分的增加而递增。

Executive function is a complex higher cognitive function, including three sub-components: inhibition and control, working memory and cognitive flexibility. Preschool is a critical period for the development of children's executive function. More and more researchers begin to pay attention to the effect of family quality on the development of children's executive function in this period. The influence of mother-child interaction on the development of children's executive function has been confirmed by studies, but the influence of father, as one of the family members, on the development of children's executive function has not received enough attention. In this study, 118 children aged 2-4 years were selected to investigate the development of the three sub-components of their executive function through two surveys at an interval of 6 months. At the same time, the influence of parent-child interaction on the development of children's executive function and the interaction between parent-child collaborative parenting and parent-child interaction on children's executive function were investigated through observation and questionnaire. The results shows that: (1) There was no significant development between the two tests of the three sub-components of executive function in children aged 2-4 years. (2) Father-child interaction can directly predict the working memory components of children's executive function. (3) The interaction between parental co-parenting and father’s autonomy support can predict children's working memory and inhibitory control. That is to say, when the score of parental co-parenting is higher than 3.44, the predictive effect of paternal autonomy support on children's inhibition control is marginal and increases with the increase of the score of parental co-parenting.