本文使用OLS模型，根据2018年的中国家庭收入调查（CHIP）数据，针对家庭背景对子女教育质量获得的影响进行了实证分析。本研究针对家庭背景中的父母教育背景进行探究，并细分为父母受教育年限和父母受教育质量。研究发现：首先，父母受教育年限和受教育质量对子女高中和大学的教育获得质量均有显著积极影响；其次，父亲的教育对儿子的教育质量获得有更强的影响，而母亲的教育则在女儿的教育质量获得上影响更大；最后，子女是否上重点高中对其是否进入重点大学的影响有显著的正向作用，而且这种影响与父母教育对子女教育质量获得的影响之间存在互补性。研究结果表明，重点高中这一选拔制度在一定程度上加剧了教育不平等。所以，本文认为应重新考虑是否推进重点高中这一选拔制度，并应积极探索针对家庭背景较差的学生的政策，切实提高他们的教育质量，促进教育的公平化。

Using an OLS model, this paper provides an empirical analysis for the impact of family background on the quality of children's education attainment based on the 2018 China Household Income Survey (CHIP) data. This study explores parental educational background in terms of family background and breaks it down into parental years of education and parental quality of education. It is found that: first, the number of years of parental education and the quality of parental education have a significant positive effect on the quality of children's educational attainment in both high school and college; second, the father's education has a stronger effect on sons' educational quality attainment, while the mother's education has a stronger effect on her daughters' educational quality attainment; and lastly, the effect of whether or not children go to a key high school has a significant positive effect on whether or not they go to a key college, and there is a complementarity between this effect and the effect of parental education on children's educational quality acquisition. Therefore, this paper argues that we should reconsider whether or not to promote this selection system of key high schools, and we should actively explore policies for students from poorer family backgrounds.