摘要 文化作为人类生存的共同世界，历来是智识界关注的焦点。随着现代社会的到来，文化像其他领域一样也遭遇了危机状态。诸多领域的知识分子对文化的危机进行了反思，汉娜·阿伦特就是其中的一位。作为 20 世纪最为出色的女性思想家，阿伦特的政治理论别具一格，打破了人们对政治的常规理解，对其他学科也产生了极大的影响。本篇论文的研究对象就是阿伦特的文化批判思想。 论文总共分为七个部分：绪论首先是对阿伦特的生平与著作进行简单的介绍，其次是对阿伦特文化批判思想的国内外研究状况进行简评，最后提出本文的写作思路。论文的第一章，致力于展现“文化批评家”阿伦特的发现过程，分别介绍其文化批评的缘起、分期与主题，并对其文化批评所采取的具体方法进行总结；论文的第二章，试图采用概念还原的手法，对阿伦特文化批评中的核心概念进行辨析。其中最为重要的是对艺术、艺术品、文化等概念的厘清，并对它们与政治之间的纠葛关系进行说明，借此澄清人们将其理论视作审美政治学的看法。论文的第三章，主要针对阿伦特行动理论中蕴含的叙事思想进行论述。叙事可分为行动者的叙事与旁观者的叙事两种，本章以作为旁观者的诗人的叙事为研究重点，逐次对叙事的内涵、功能、材料、手法、原则进行介绍，并将卡夫卡的小说视作阿伦特叙事思想的典范进行具体的分析。最终，总结出叙事的政治意蕴，即叙事联结着行动与旁观，成为沟通实践与精神两个领域的桥梁，这就形成了阿伦特独特的叙事政治学。论文的第四章，主要突出的是阿伦特对文化危机的反思，具体体现于对文化功利主义和文化功能主义两种倾向的批判。前者集中于对犹太人同化问题的反思，后者则体现于对大众文化的考量。阿伦特的文化批判试图重新凸显文化的超越品格，进而为人类的公共生活提供意义的来源。论文的第五章，是阿伦特对现代社会中知识分子的生存境况与责任的思考。面对纷扰的政治现实，她将莱辛视作知识分子的典范，以介入现实、保持批判的人文主义精神为现代知识分子指明了方向。结语部分，是对阿伦特文化批判思想的总结与评价，并对其给予我们的启示予以简单说明。 虽然阿伦特并没有提出一整套系统的文化批判理论，但这种建立在政治理论基础之上的文化反思，却为我们提供了一种重新关照文化与政治关系的新视角。正是在这种视角的指引下，文化与政治之间才能真正达致良性的互动，这也正是阿伦特对文化危机进行反思的原初意图。

ABSTRACTAs a common world of human existence, culture has always been the focus of attention in the intellectual community. With the advent of modern society, culture suffered a crisis as other areas. Intellectuals in many areas had reflections on cultural crisis; Hannah Arendt is one of them. As the most outstanding female ideologist in 20th century, Arendt's political theory is unique. It breaks the conventional understanding in politics and has a great impact on other subjects. The study object of this thesis is Arendt's ideas of cultural criticism.This thesis is divided into seven sections: In the introduction section, first part is a brief introduction of Arendt’s biographical sketch and her writings.Second part is the review of world research statuses of Arendt’s ideas of cultural criticism. Last part is the idea and structure of this thesis. The first chapter is dedicated to show the discovery process of "cultural critic" Arendt, describes the origins, staging and themes of her cultural criticism, and summarize the specific methods she used in her cultural criticism. In the second chapter, I will try to use phenomenological reduction method to differentiate and analyze the core concepts in Arendt’s cultural criticism. The most important thing is to clarify the relationship between art, art work, culture and other concepts, to explain the relations between these concepts and politics, to clarify the opinion that taking her theory as aesthetic politics. In the third Chapter, the narrative thoughts in Arendt’s action theory will be discussed. Narrative method can be divided into actor’s narrative method and spectator’s narrative method. This chapter will mainly focus on spectator’s narrative method and introduce some concepts such as narrative connotation, function, materials, methods and principles. I will take Kafka’s novel as an example of Arendt’s narrative ideas and make specific analysis. Eventually, this thesis will sum up the political implication of the narrative. That is narrative, as the bridge communicates practice and spirituals, links the action and sidelines, which forms Arendt’s unique narrative politics. The fourth chapter highlights Arendt's reflection on the cultural crisis, which reflects on the criticism of cultural utilitarian theory and cultural functionalism. The former focuses on the considerations of Jewish assimilation, the latter focus on the reflection on popular culture. Arendt's cultural criticism try tore-highlight the transcendent character of culture, thus provide a source of meaning for human public life. The fifth chapter focuses on Arendt’s reflections on intellectuals’ survival situations and responsibilities in modern society. Facing troublous political reality, she takes Lessing as a model of intellectuals,pointed out the direction for the modern intellectuals.The epilogue part is the summaryand evaluation of Arendt's cultural criticism, and makes a brief explanation about its revelation to us.Although Arendt did not propose a set of cultural critical theory, but the cultural reflection basedon political theory provides us with a new perspective to think about the relations between culture and politics. It is under the guidance of this perspective that truly benign interaction between culture and politics could be achieved, which is Arendt's original intent to reflect on the cultural crisis.