With the development of globalization, communication between countries is becoming more and more frequent, and the demand for consular protection is becoming more urgent than ever, which challenges the comprehensive and diverse theory and practice of consular protection in various countries. Since the the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations(VCCR) enacted in 1967, there have been 180 States parties. Among them, the Article 36 on Consular notification and access has repeatedly triggered disputes between countries. The International Court of Justice had elaborated the interpretation and application of Article 36 in "Lagrand case", "Avena case" and "Jadhav case", which plays a leading role in the determination of many legal issues in consular notification, among which the view that the right of consular notification and access is individual right has been widely accepted. However, in the domestic legislation and judicial practice, there are still different time limits, different contents and ways of notification, different remedies for violation of consular notification , etc. These domestic laws not only solve the problem of how to exercise the right of consular notification in the VCCR, but also convey the attitude of all countries towards consular protection.

Since China joined VCCR in 1979, there is quite a little development of domestic legislation related to consular protection , and the special legislation and theoretical research on consular notification is even less. At present, the research is still limited to the nature of consular notification , and the research on how to exercise the right and remedies after violation is still blank. The legislation of consular notification is scattered in bilateral international treaties and regulations,and there are even contradictory provisions. The lack of legislation and research leads to difficulties facing frequent transnational cases in our country. Law enforcement agencies are often unwilling to encounter foreigners. The untimely consular notification not only makes the rights of foreign nationals in our country not fully protected, but also affects how the rights of our overseas citizens exercise.

This paper makes a comparative study on the international practice of consular notice and the domestic legislation of some countries, sorts out some basic legal issues in consular notice, summarizes the practice and legislative experience of other countries, in order to promote the development of theoretical research on Consular notice in China. And try to combine the problems existing in the legislation of consular notice in our country, and provide the system reference for the special legislation of consular notice in our country.