21世纪是一个信息化、网络化急剧扩张的时代，社会的信息环境发生了巨大的变化。图书馆也不例外，用户的信息需求与信息行为也随之发生了变化。研究生作为高校和科研院所图书馆的用户，其信息需求也由一般性文献信息服务转变为学科化、知识化的信息服务。面对繁复庞杂的信息资源，研究生用户迫切需要专业水平高的学科馆员提供专业化、深层次的学科化服务。本文首先明确了学科化服务的内涵，以及学科馆员的概念和职责；其次，运用问卷调查的研究方法，从研究生的个体因素、客观需要和信息环境这三方面的影响因素入手，通过对调查问卷结果的分析揭示出研究生这一用户群体的信息素养以及对于学科化服务的需求；另外，运用实地调研法和专家访谈法，对国内外图书情报机构学科化服务实践的现状进行了对比分析；最后，根据研究生的信息需求与图情机构学科化服务现状之间的差距提出问题，为图书情报机构面向研究生开展学科化服务提出相应的建议。本文提出：（1）图书馆应该组建“专家级学科馆员—学科馆员—辅助学科馆员—咨询馆员”组成的四级学科服务团队，全面满足研究生不同层次的信息需求；（2）图书馆应该充分参与到研究生的学习和科研活动中，多与研究生进行沟通交流，可以将信息素养教育与研究生的课程相结合，还可以让研究生与学科馆员一起参与图书馆的馆藏资源建设；（3）图书馆要加快对新技术的接受能力，尽快把新技术与服务结合起来，多采用研究生喜欢的服务方式；（4）图书馆应该充分了解研究生的信息需求和信息能力，可以定期对研究生进行摸底测试和学科化服务效果的反馈调查，建立激励机制并定期评估学科馆员的工作。希望本文能够对解决研究生的信息需求有一定帮助，能够促进图书情报机构提高针对研究生开展学科化服务的水平。

The 21st century is the information era of rapid expansion of the network, the social environment has undergone tremendous changes.The information needs of library users and information behavior has changed a lot, postgraduate users’ information needs has changed from the general information service into knowledge-based information service. Postgraduates have urgent needs of specialized and deep-seated subject service to solve the problems encountered in their study and research. First, this research makes a clear definition of subject service, and clarifies the duties of the subject librarians. This research uses survey research method, investigates the subject service needs of postgraduates. In addition, the research uses the method of field research and interviews with experts, Thus this study makes a comparative analysis of the subject service status quo of domestic and foreign libraries and information institutions. Finally, after the comparison of theory and practice ,the demand and the status quo, this study carries out recommendations about postgraduates -oriented subject service for libraries and information institutions.This study suggests that libraries and information institutions should set up a service team consisting of subject specialists, subject librarians ,secondary subject librarians and librarians.In addition, the subject librarians should fully participate in postgraduates’ study and research activities and communicate more with postgraduates .The author also suggests that libraries and information institutions should fully understand the information needs and information capacity of the postgraduates and they should make feedback investigations of the effects of the subject service. We hope to be able to solve the information needs of postgraduates and to improve postgraduates -oriented subject service of libraries and information institutions.