作为“新时期”以来一位重新被发现的作家，张爱玲逐渐走出历史“冷宫”并迅速构成被称为“张爱玲现象”的文化现象。张爱玲是一位政治热情不高的世情小说作家，但她的文学创作道路却始终与政治纠缠不清。张爱玲研究各方面已经取得了丰硕成果，但她的创作与政治的关系还有待梳理。 本文从“政治”视角出发探究时代因素对这位女作家人生道路、文学取向的影响，旨在对个案清理之余，挖掘研究风潮背后的盲点及误区。 初入文坛的张爱玲是自觉排斥政治的，她所感兴趣的始终是“饮食男女”这些剥离了时空外衣的，最基本的人性。正如她在自己文章里所说的，“人生的所谓‘生趣’全在那些不相干的事。”这一思想贯穿了她小说创作的始终。在上海沦陷区，疏离政治的张爱玲得到了成名的喜悦，但同时也遭到了来自民族意识方面的非议。 建国后，张爱玲迫于创作氛围、经济窘迫等多方压力，不得不向左翼政治作出妥协。她“自觉”地给《十八春》和《小艾》贴上了“政治标签”。但是主动向左翼靠拢并没有使她迎来小说创作的新高峰，反而使她感到压抑，创作热情也出现衰退。 不久，张爱玲作出了离开中国大陆的选择。可是这次出逃也没有让她找到一片写作的乐土，反而使她陷进了另一个政治泥潭。她不得不将自己热衷表现的人性装进另一个“政治外壳”中。《秧歌》和《赤地之恋》两部作品让她付出了“缺乏真实”的代价。 在张爱玲最喜爱的小说《色，戒》中，她终于得以用相对自由的方式面对“政治”，而这篇小说也显露出了她本人对政治的真实态度：在文学作品中，政治只是一个表现工具。在《色，戒》中，为了表现更深刻的“人性”，张爱玲通过改编历史，对“政治”进行了毫不客气的“利用”。张爱玲的小说创作历程是一个试图疏离政治，而又不断被政治纠缠和不得不向政治妥协的过程。在一个政治为生活焦点的时代，她从疏离政治到两次改变政治倾向。同时又因为政治原因，她在文学史家及批评家视野中也“忽冷忽热” 。她的创作历程和被接受的历史说明，如何处理政治与文学的关系问题，既是作家，也是批评家所要深思的一个问题。

As a re-discovered author during “ New Period”, Zhang Ailing has become a cultural phenomenon, called Zhang Ailing Phenomenon, in Chinese contemporary literary studies. Zhang Ailing was a novelist with more interests in secular life than in politics. But politics played an important role in her literary creation. However, the complex relationship between her writings and politics has not been fully explained in the studies on Zhang Ailing so far. My thesis will explore the context of Zhang Ailing’s life road and her literary propensity in political perspective. And through the case studies, I want to discover the insight and blindness in the studies of Zhang Ailing. Zhang Ailing consciously rejected politics in the beginning. What she mostly interested in was the basic human need beyond time and space, such as food and sex. As she wrote in her article: “the interests of life that so called wholly lie in things that without any sense.” This interest pulls through her literary creations all the while. In Shanghai, the city occupied by Japan, the style of novel without politics made her great success, while caused a lot of critique from the nationalist wing at the same time. Zhang Ailing compromised with the left wing for creation atmosphere and economic difficulties after People’s Republic of China established. She attached a political label in her novel “ Shiba Chun” and “ Xiao’ai”. But this attention did not bring her new success in novel creation, and lead to depression on the contrary. She lost passion in literary creation. At this time, she made a decision to leave main land of China. This decision didn’t bring her into the Eden of creation, while pull her into another political pitfall. She had to pack her writings into another political jacket. At this period, she wrote Yangge and Chidi zhi Lian to argue against Chinese Communist Party, these two novels were accused of truthlessness. In her favorite novel Se Jie, Zhang Ailing was able to deal with politics in a relatively free way. And her real attitude towards politics, that politics was just a tool for representation in literature, appeared in it. In Se Jie, Zhang Ailing used history to express the complicated humanity and changed the history a lot. Zhang Ailing wanted to estrange from politics in the novel creation, but she was disrupted by politics constantly, and had to compromise with politics. During a period with politics at its core, Zhang Ailing changed her attitudes towards politics, from estrangement to transfer her political position two times. The political elements made the studies on her appeared different features in different times. Zhang Ailing’s biography in literary creation and the history of the studies on her represent that the problem of politics and literature was very important to authors and critics.