公共参与核心素养是高中思想政治学科核心素养的重要组成因素，体现人民当家作主的社会责任，是高中思想政治学科核心素养的行为表现。在实现第二个百年目标的新征程上，培养高中生公共参与核心素养，有利于培养学生成为中国特色社会主义现代化建设的合格建设者和接班人。本文共三个部分。第一部分基于文献探讨国内外核心素养的提出以及公共参与核心素养的界定和培养目标；第二部分基于问卷调查和访谈，总结了现阶段高中生公共参与核心素养的现状和培养上存在的问题。现阶段高中生具备一定的公共参与素养，但总体上表现较差，造成这种情况的原因大致有，在学生不太重视本课的情况下，教师对公共参与素养不够重视，教学方式单一，以及学校相对封闭的环境等。第三部分结合第二部分体现出的问题以及“我国的根本政治制度”一课，有针对性地提出解决、改进的策略。

The key competence of public participation is an important part of the key competences of high school ideological and political subjects, which reflects the social responsibility of the people as masters of the country, and is the behavioral manifestation of the core literacy of high school ideological and political subjects. On the new journey of realizing the second centenary goal, cultivating the key competence of public participation in high school students is conducive to cultivating students to become qualified builders and successors of the cause of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics. This article has three parts. The first part discusses the proposal of key competence and the definition and training goals of key competence of public participation based on domestic and foreign literature; The second part, based on questionnaires and interviews, summarizes the current situation of high school students' key competence in public participation and the problems in their cultivation. At this stage, high school students have a certain quality of public participation, but their overall performance is poor. The reasons for this situation are roughly as follows: when students do not pay much attention to this course, teachers do not pay enough attention to public participation, and the teaching methods are single. And the relatively closed environment of the school. The third part combines the problems reflected in the second part and the lesson of "the fundamental political system of our country", and proposes solutions and improvement strategies in a targeted manner.