近年来，计算机领域的发展不断取得突破，促进了人脸识别技术这一热门研究领域的发展，并逐渐引起公众的广泛关注。人脸识别技术通过对人脸图像进行采集，对图像信息预处理，提取面部特征的方式来达到识别和匹配特定自然人的目的。人工智能算法、大数据分析的高速发展使得人脸识别技术渐趋成熟，并已进入广泛应用阶段。在公共安全、运营商行业、金融服务、智慧城市等多个领域都开始推广应用。比如，在公共安全领域，人脸识别技术可以用于支持出入口安检、身份识别等工作；在运营商行业，可以用于实现自助服务、客户身份识别等；在金融服务领域，可以用于实现客户身份认证、反欺诈等等。这些新的应用场景将为人脸识别行业的发展带来巨大的增长空间。根据中研产业研究院发布的《2023-2028 年中国人脸识别行业市场前瞻与未来投资战略分析报告》指出，截止2022 年10月，在中国，人脸识别相关企业已突破 1 万家，且随着国内智慧城市、智慧社区等项目深入发展，预计未来五年人脸识别市场规模将保持 20%以上的增长速度，且将达到千亿以上甚至万亿的规模。总之，中国人脸识别行业受到国家的大力支持，市场规模正在不断扩大。随着技术的不断发展和新的应用场景的出现，人脸识别行业将会迎来蓬勃式的发展。

与此同时，随着人脸识别技术的广泛应用，其暴露出的问题也日益显现。未经过信息主体知情和同意的情况下随意采集、滥用人脸信息，甚至非法出售赚取经济利益。同时，人脸信息泄漏后引发的下游违法犯罪案例也频繁出现。这些问题均导致了个人信息保护危机，成为当前社会广泛关注的焦点。郭兵诉杭州野生动物世界的“人脸识别第一案 ”出现后，公众对于人脸信息保护问题给予了高度关注，人脸信息侵权问题成为立法者关注的焦点。不可否认，相关法律法规和技术规范的出台，一定程度上缓解了人脸识别技术滥用现象。为有效减少人脸识别技术的滥用现象，我国在立法层面陆续出台了相应的法律法规和技术规范。最高法颁布的《人脸识别技术规定》自2021年8月1日起施行，为人脸识别技术侵权纠纷提供了裁判依据，对行业的发展提供了更加明确的规范和指导。然而，在当下社会，互联网技术发展日新月异，对于个人信息保护提出了更为严峻的挑战，而法律相对稳定性的特征使得法律的制定往往跟不上技术的发展。而且从我国关于人脸识别技术的立法来看，法律规范集中表现在个人信息权益保护问题上。对于人脸识别技术侵权问题的处理，尚缺乏一套系统、完善的法规体系，这在一定程度上影响了侵权行为的有效遏制以及个人信息的保护。人脸识别技术侵权后责任的认定以及救济程序的启动存在司法实践上的难题，因此，有必要进一步深入研究人脸识别技术侵权的法律救济途径，使信息主体的权利保护和人脸识别技术的发展能达到一个平衡点。

In recent years, the development of the computer field has made continuous breakthroughs, which has promoted the development of face recognition technology, a hot research filed, and gradually attracted widespread attention from the public. Face recognition technology through the face image collection, image information processing, extraction of facial features to achieve the purpose of recognizing and matching specific natural persons. The rapid development of artificial intelligence algorithms and big data analysis has made face recognition technology gradually mature and has entered the stage of wild application. It has been promoted and applied in public security, operator industry, financial services, smart city and other fields. For example, in the field of public security, facial recognition technology can be used to support entrance and exit security checks, identity recognition and other work; in the operator industry, it can be used to realize self-service, customer identity recognition and so on; in the field of financial services, it can be used to realize customer identity authentication, anti-fraud and so on. These new application scenarios will bring huge growth space for the development of the facial recognition industry. According to the Market Outlook and Future Investment Strategy Analysis Report on China’s Face Recognition Industry in 2023-2028 released by China Research institute of Industry and Commerce, by October 2022, there have been more than 10,000 facial recognition of smart cities, smart communities and other projects in China, it is expected that the market size of facial recognition will maintain a growth rate of more than 20% in the next five years, and will reach more than 100 billion or even trillion. In a word, the market size of China’s facial recognition industry is expanding. With the strong support of the state, the continuous development of technology and the emergence of  new application scenarios, the facial recognition industry will usher in vigorous development.

At the same time, with the wide application of face recognition technology, the problems exposed are also increasingly apparent. Without the knowledge and consent of the information subject, face information is collected and abused at will, and even sold illegally to earn economic profits. At the same time, downstream criminal cases caused by the leakage of face information protection crisis, which has become the focus of widespread attention in the current society. After the appearance of the “face recognition first case” of Guo Bing v. Hangzhou Wildlife World, the public has paid great attention to the protection of face information, and the issue of face information infringement has become the focus of attention of lawmakers. It is undeniable that the introduction of relevant laws, regulations and technical norms has alleviated the abuse of face recognition technology to a certain extent. In order to effectively reduce the abuse of face recognition technology, China has successively introduced corresponding laws, regulations and technical norms at the legislative level. The “Regulations on Face Recognition Technology” by the Supreme People’s Court has been implemented since August 1,2021, providing a basis for adjudication of facial recognition technology infringement disputes and providing more clear norms and guidance for the development of the industry. However, in the current society, the rapid development of Internet technology poses a more severe challenge to the protection of personal information, and the relative stability of laws makes the formulation of laws often unable to keep up with the development of technology. Moreover, from the perspective of China’s legislation on face recognition technology, legal norms are concentrated on the protection of personal information rights and interests. For the face recognition technology infringement treatment, there is still a lack of a systematic and perfect legal system, which affects the effective suppression of infringement and the protection of personal information to a certain extent. There are problems in judicial practice in the identification of liability after the infringement of face recognition technology and the initiation of relief procedures. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the legal relief ways of the infringement of face recognition, so that the protection of the rights of the information subject and the development of face technology can reach a balance.