《伟大的盖茨比》是菲茨杰拉德于1925年创作的一部不朽名作。这部作品生动展现了美国在一战后的社会面貌——一个在短暂经济繁荣中的美国社会。小说通过描写盖茨比梦想的破灭，揭示了传统美国梦的破碎。小说里的人们生活在美国当代空前繁荣富足的时期，以追求财富和享乐为人生唯一目标，因此传统美国梦里对精神世界的追求逐渐消失。在这物欲横流的社会里，盖茨比注定无法实现他诗情童话般的梦想。人们生活在被物包围的世界里，他们内心孤独，精神空虚。社会中异化现象普遍存在。 因此，本文意在研究盖茨比梦想的破灭——从异化视角分析作品中的人和事，从而找出盖茨比梦想破灭的根源。盖茨比梦想的破灭原因主要有二：其一是内因，即盖茨比的梦想与现实间的距离遥远，再者他为了实现梦想不择手段；其二是外因，即社会的衰落包括上层阶级的腐败导致盖茨比的悲剧。本文通过分析盖茨比梦想幻灭的过程，揭示盖茨比的自我异化，盖茨比与社会的异化，以及那纸醉金迷的社会里人和人之间的异化，并且借助卢卡奇的“物化论”解释异化存在的根源。因此，本文试图分析作品中被异化的人和事，从而找出盖茨比梦想幻灭的原因及意义。最后，本文作者得出结论，即不论是异化的根源还是盖茨比梦想幻灭的原因都离不开那个特定历史背景下社会的变迁。资本主义进入帝国主义阶段后，科学技术逐渐改变了人们的生活方式和思维方式，高度发展的生产系统切断了人和人之间以及人和社会之间的有机联系，把人们原子化，机械化，进一步造成心灵的异化。战争的爆发以及达尔文思想的诞生改变了人们的价值观，物质财富的追求成为社会的价值导向，所有的一切都让传统美国梦的实现变成了空谈。因此盖茨比梦想的幻灭不仅仅是他个人的悲剧，也是整个社会的悲剧。

F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, published in 1925, is a classic in American literature. The historical social context in which the novel is set—is America in 1920s. The novel reveals a picture of postwar America under the strong influence of short-term economic boom, and it depicts the breakdown of traditional American dream through the disillusion of Gatsby's dream. The traditional American dream—that each one has equal opportunity for the pursuit of wealth and happiness by diligence and hard work—has transformed into the pursuit of material wealth, and spiritual emptiness dominates the society, in which Gatsby has no way to realize his romantic and idealistic dream. Individuals are estranged and separated from themselves and from others. This essay is supposed to analyze Gatsby's disillusioned dream from the perspective of alienation, and furthermore explore the reason, which can be viewed from two aspects: one is the interior factor that his dream is far beyond the reality and the way of approach is illegal and unadoptable; the other is the exterior one that the corruption of the society including the upper rich class leads to his ultimate failure. The essay, by exploring Gatsby's pursuit of dream, reveals his self-alienation, his alienation from the society, and the alienation between the individuals who live in that prosperous and extravagant society, and tries to figure out the cause of alienation with the help of Lucaks's "reification" theory. Therefore the essay analyzes the alienated figures, behaviors and activities in the novel so as to find out the reason and the significance of Gatsby's disillusion. In the end, the author comes to a conclusion that the society, in which science and technology are advanced, goods are abundant, consumption is rampant and unfairness is everywhere, leads to the alienation of individuals who dwell in it and the fall-down of spirituality, which further makes Gatsby's dream impossible to come true. The disillusion of Gatsby's dream is not only his tragedy, but a symbol of the corrupted society.