随着高中物理学科核心素养的实施，初中也开展了培养学生物理学科核心素养的研究，而物理实验教学是培养学生科学思维、科学态度等素养的重要方式，物理学科核心素养强调对学生物理观念、科学思维、科学探究、科学态度与责任几个方面的培养。笔者从学校物理社团活动中得到启示，将学生物理拓展实验引入到教学活动中，让学生参与到拓展实验中来，以提高学生的物理学习兴趣，培养学生良好的实验习惯及实验创新能力，发展学生的物理学科核心素养，调动学生的主观能动性及学习兴趣。通过开展物理拓展实验实践研究，为中学物理教师的教学提供借鉴和参考。

本研究主要以情境认知与学习理论、多元智能理论、建构主义学习理论、最近发展区作为理论基础。通过文献研究，确定研究的主要内容包括拓展实验的含义、内容、拓展实验的意义、拓展实验的设计原则、开发途径、设计环节等。

通过调查研究，发现学生对教师口头讲述的实验结论印象不深，实验参与度不高，但是对课外实验有着浓厚的兴趣，而通过对乌鲁木齐市某中学物理教师的访谈发现实验并没有完全的渗透到实际教学中，实验教学相关的硬件配置资金投入不足，演示实验可观性不强。反而是学校组织的一些以社团活动、综合实践课及科技节等形式开展的课外拓展实验，不管学生还是教师都表示出兴趣，基于此找出一条改变实验教学的现状，发展学生科学核心素养的有效途径。

通过开展学生物理拓展实验实践活动，以四种拓展实验开发模式为视角，形成学生拓展实验部分教学设计及课堂实录。

       通过问卷调查、学生访谈、测试成绩等三个方面进行分析，结果表明，学生参与物理拓展实验实践对发展学生物理学科核心素养，培养学生的实验操作能力，调动学生物理学习兴趣等各方面都有显著的成效。

Along with the implementation of the core quality high school physics subject, junior middle school also conducted training students' physical discipline core literacy research, and the physics experiment teaching is to cultivate students' scientific thinking, scientific attitude, an important way to physical science core literacy emphasize on students' physical concept, scientific thinking, scientific inquiry, several aspects of the cultivation of the scientific attitude and responsibility. I get inspiration from school physical activities, will be introduced to the students physical development experiment in the teaching activities, let students to participate in the expanding experiments, so as to improve students' interest in physics learning, cultivate students' experiment habit ability, thinking ability and experimental innovation ability, develop the students' physical discipline core literacy, mobilize students' subjective initiative and interest in learning. By conducting physical expand experimental research, provide reference and reference for the high school physics teachers' teaching.

This research mainly on the situated cognition and learning theory, the theory of multiple intelligences, constructivism learning theory, as a theoretical basis for the zone of proximal development. Through literature research, to determine the main content of the research include expanding the meaning, content, expand the experiments of meaning, expand the approaches of experimental design principles, development, design, etc.

Through investigation and study, found that students of teachers' oral narrative experiment conclusion impression is not deep, the participation is not high, but has a keen interest in extracurricular experiment, and at the middle school physics teacher interviews found in urumqi experiment has not completely infiltrated in practical teaching, experiment teaching related hardware configuration underfunded, demonstration experiment is considerable sex is not strong. Is some to club activities organized by the school, the comprehensive practice course and the science festival and other forms of extracurricular expanding experiments, both students and teachers are expressed interest, based on this to find out a change the present situation of the experimental teaching, the effective way of developing students' science core literacy.

Through developing students' physical development experimental practice, in the perspective of four expansion experiment development pattern, form part of the teaching design and classroom students develop tests records.

Through questionnaire survey and interview with students, test results of three aspects to carry on the analysis, the results showed that students participate in physical development experimental practice to develop students physics discipline core literacy, develop the students' ability of experiment operation, to mobilize the students' interest in physics learning and so on various aspects have significant results.