| 中文题名： | 反馈模糊性对人际关系承诺升级决策的影响：情绪、未来乐观预期、年龄的作用 |
| 姓名： | |
| 保密级别： | 公开 |
| 论文语种： | 中文 |
| 学科代码： | 04020003 |
| 学科专业： | |
| 学生类型： | 硕士 |
| 学位： | 教育学硕士 |
| 学位类型： | |
| 学位年度： | 2021 |
| 校区： | |
| 学院： | |
| 第一导师姓名： | |
| 第一导师单位： | |
| 提交日期： | 2021-06-28 |
| 答辩日期： | 2021-05-25 |
| 外文题名： | THE IMPACT OF FEEDBACK EQUIVOCALITY ON ESCALATION COMMITMENT IN RELATIONSHIPS: EMOTION, FUTURE OPTIMISM AND AGE’S EFFECTS |
| 中文关键词： | |
| 外文关键词： | Commitment escalation ; Feedback equivocality ; Relationship distance ; Age difference |
| 中文摘要： |
承诺升级指的是人们在收到了消极反馈后依然愿意在先前投资的项目上继续投资的现象。有研究者发现，在经济投资时，人们会在反馈高度模糊时发生更多的承诺升级。这种反馈高模糊的情况在我们的日常人际交往中也很常见，此时是否要继续承诺升级对每个人来说都是一道难题。而当我们思考这一问题时，关系对象与我们的关系远近也是我们的考虑因素。本研究以反馈模糊性、关系远近、年龄组作为主要自变量，以被试在人际关系情境下，经历多次投资和反馈后的最后投入意愿、最后投入行为倾向作为承诺升级指标，采用一对一线上视频问卷访谈的方式，收集了 98 名老年人和 96 名年轻人的数据，希望能探究反馈模糊性对不同远近人际关系中的承诺升级的作用以及其中的年龄差异，同时研究还测量了未来乐观预期和情绪作为中间变量，希望对其中的具体机制进行更深入的讨论。
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结果发现，整体而言，老年人的承诺升级水平比年轻人更高。人们在近关系下的承诺升级水平显著高于远关系下的承诺升级水平。虽然反馈模糊性主效应不显著但年龄、反馈模糊性、近远关系在承诺升级上的存在显著三阶交互作用。具体来说，老年人在近关系条件下，模糊性越高，最后投入行为倾向就越高，而年轻人在远关系条件下，模糊性越高，最后投入意愿和最后投入行为就越高。年龄和关系远近的二阶交互作用显著，关系远近对老年人的最后投入意愿和最后投入行为倾向的影响大于其对年轻人的影响。并且，老年人在近关系下最后投入意愿和最后投入行为倾向都比远关系下的更高。年轻人虽然在近关系下的最后投入行为倾向高于远关系，但在远关系下的最后投入意愿比近关系更高。 除此之外，我们还发现了情绪对未来乐观预期的影响、未来乐观预期对承诺升级的影响。整体来说，积极情绪会带来更多的未来乐观预期，消极情绪会降低未来乐观预期。未来乐观预期越高，承诺升级水平越高。但在不同远近关系下、不同反馈模糊性高低水平下，这一模式又存在年龄间的差异。 |
| 外文摘要： |
Commitment escalation refers to a situation in which people continue to invest in a project after receiving negative feedback. Some researchers have found that when investing in the economy, people are more likely to escalate when feedback is highly equivalent. However, this high level of feedback equivocality is also common in our daily relationships, such as when a lover or friend is unappreciative of ourinvestment, whether to commit at this point is a difficult question for everyone. And when we think about it, we also think about how far or how close the person is to us. Moreover, according to the theory of social emotional selection, older people have more selective involvement motives and behaviors in close relationships than younger people.
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In this study, feedback equivocality, relationship distance and age group were used as the main independent variables, and participants’final investment intention and finalinvestment behavior were used as the indicators of commitment escalation, using a one to-one online video interview, we collected data from 98 older adults and 96 youngeradults in an attempt to explore the effects of feedback equivocality on interpersonal relationships and age differences, at the same time, the study also measured futureoptimism expectation and emotion as the intermediate variables, hoping to conduct a more in-depth discussion of the specific mechanism. Overall, older adults were found to have higher escalation commitment than younger adults. Feedback equivocality had no significant effect on subjects’ commitment level. The level of commitment escalation in close relationship is significantly higher than that in distant relationship. We also found that age, feedback equivocality, and relationship diatance had a third-order interaction on commitment escalation. Specifically, the higher equivocality, the higher engagement, under the condition of distant relationship, the higher the equivocality, the higher the final investment intention and final investment behavior. The second-order interaction of age and relationship is significant, and the influence of relationship distance on the final investment intention and final investment behavior of the elderly is greater than that of the young. Moreover, Older People’s final investment willingness and final investment behavior are higher in close relationship than in far relationship, while young people’s final investment behavior is higher in close relationship than in far relationship, but the willingness to invest in a distant relationship is higher than in a close relationship. In addition, we also found the effect of emotion on future optimistic expectations and the effect of future optimistic expectations on commitment escalation. On the whole, positive emotions lead to more optimistic future expectations, whilenegative emotions lead to less optimistic future expectations. The higher the future optimism, the higher the level of commitment to upgrade. However, there are agedifferences in this model under different distance relationship and different levelof feedback equivocality. |
| 参考文献总数： | 123 |
| 馆藏号： | 硕040200-03/21006 |
| 开放日期： | 2022-06-28 |
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