随着经济的发展，大量流入的农村劳动力给城市的就业和治安带来诸多压力，经济学家试图通过各种方式找出解决这一问题的途径，并且从多种角度对这一问题产生的原因进行研究。本文借鉴了拉姆齐－卡斯－库普曼斯模型中的家庭效用函数、戴蒙德世代交叠模型和费景汉－拉尼斯模型的思想，试图通过微观静态、微观动态、宏观层面这三个模型，用数理推导和图形推导的方式找出农村劳动力流动的内在原因以及农村剩余劳动力转移与人力资本之间的关系。本文重点阐述了：一、人力资本如何影响微观个体（农民）的决策。研究结果显示，对教育的投入与人力资本正相关，这有助于农村劳动力顺利地转移到城市中；二、人力资本在微观个体跨期选择中如何发挥作用。研究发现，人力资本的积累有利于农民的子女转移到城市中。三、人力资本在宏观层面上如何影响农村劳动力流动。笔者认为，加大人力资本投资有利于农村劳动力流动更快地达到稳定和均衡的状态，并且也有助于城乡收入差距的缩小。然后在理论的指导下运用面板数据分析，进行了实证检验，结果证明农村劳动力转移与人力资本之间有正相关的关系。并且对西部和东部两个地区分别进行数据描述和检验，结果表明东部和西部农村的人力资本投资存在巨大差异，对农村劳动力流动的作用上东部表现的更强，与现实情况相符；西部农村教育落后，农村劳动力向非农产业转移受到阻碍。最后，针对如何解决中国农村劳动力流动这一问题从农村教育方面给出政策建议：加大农村教育投资，提高农村教育质量，尤其对西部农村教育投入要加大力度，以教育促进西部经济建设。

Accompanying the development of economy, large numbers of rural labor swarm into the city, which brings great pressure on employment and public order. Many economists attempt to work out the solution for these problems. Besides the favorable culture environment, convenient facilities and soundly sanitation, the fatal attraction to the rural labor is the income difference between the city and the country side. Thus, the city takes on its tremendous fascination, which not only brings rural labor who come into the city more return materially, but also satisfies their spiritual demand. As a result, the air of city could make people feel free.On the basis of the classical documents, this thesis applies the symbolic logic model and the graphs to find the internal reason of the rural labor transfer and the relationship of the rural labor transfer and the investment of human capital. This thesis focus on: firstly, how human capital acts on the decision of micro individual. As a result, there is positive relationship between the education investment and human capital, which helps to the rural labor transfer into the city; secondly, how human capital influences the span choice of micro individual. It comes out that the accumulation of human capital is propitious to the transfer of the rural labor’s children; thirdly, how human capital influences the rural transfer on the macro level. The author believes that an increase in human capital investment helps to quickly reach a static state of the rural labor transfer. At last, under the instruction of the theory, the thesis applies the analysis of practical provident to verify the influence. There is a big gap between the Western Area and Eastern Area on education investment. The human capital has bigger influence on the transfer of rural labor in the Eastern Area than the Western Area. Then, the author gives the policy advice about rural education: enlarging the investment on the rural education, especially the rural education of the Western Area.