19世纪俄国著名作家陀思妥耶夫斯基的作品 《冬天里的夏日印象》，是作者1860年至1870年在德国、英国、法国等地的旅行记录、感受和反思。 作者看到19世纪欧洲资本主义社会俗不可耐的陋习和布尔乔亚的鄙俚后,通过《冬天里的夏日印象》批判了当时的欧洲文明，以及俄国知识界的欧洲崇拜倾向。 作品的批判文字是对19世纪以后欧洲文明危机的警示。后来，20世纪的两次世界大战和许多悲惨灾难，使他的悲剧性预言变成了现实。因此，他被视为预见人类末日的“残酷的天才”。 本文主要评析陀思妥耶夫斯基的思想背景，他对欧洲的印象，他的作品对现代文学的影响以及后世对他的评价。

“Summer impression in winter”was written by the famous Russian writer Dostoevsky in 19th century. It was a collecting writing of the record of his travel in Germany, Britain, France and other western region in 1860s and 1870s.The author saw the undesirable customs and bad habits in the capitalist society in Europe. He criticized the European civilization and the Europe-worship by Russian intellectuals. The author's critical writing is a warning for European civilization after 19th century. His tragedy predicted be coming true, prove by two world wars in the 20th century and many disaster. So people call him “Cruel genius”. This paper will analyse the author's ideological background, his impression of Europe, and influence on the modern literature.