《无名的裘德》中，哈代描写了具有高度精神追求的裘德和淑由于拒绝随波逐流而遭到了社会的打击，而不受读者喜爱的费劳孙和艾拉贝拉却因其尽力适应环境而被社会接受。哈代在一定程度上受到达尔文主义的影响，设计了如此的小说结局，旨在揭露维多利亚时代的黑暗性以及对人性的摧残。该论文运用达尔文主义来解释哈代小说《无名的裘德》中人物命运。主要用到了“适者生存”和“性别选择”两条原则。根据“适者生存”，能够适应环境并且具有竞争能力的人才能在社会上立足，否则将走向衰落。本文用“适者生存”的理论来解释裘德如何因为没有竞争意识又不适应社会而一步步失去爱情，失去事业，以至最后失去生命。而有竞争力的费劳孙为何又能通过迎合社会而得到爱情，事业，过上一天比一天好的生活。达尔文的“性别选择”理论是维多利亚时期父权社会的理论基础，它主张女性比男性地位低，女性应该在各方面屈服于男性。在这样的大环境下，像淑一样具有独立人格，不承认女性次要地位的人不能为社会所容忍，所以她失去孩子，失去爱情，甚至失去自己。而像艾拉贝拉一样一心想靠婚姻，靠男人生活的女人，在那个男权的时代，受到了欢迎。该论文采用对比研究方法，结合在维多利亚历史环境下的文本细读，对《无名的裘德》中人物的生活观，婚姻观，性观念，宗教观，以及学术追求等各方面进行了分析。通过对维多利亚时代特征的阐述，点出了“适者”应具有的特点。借助充分的文本分析，本文解释了不适应环境的裘德和淑遭到社会的抛弃，而尽力适应环境的费劳孙和艾拉贝拉则因受到社会的欢迎而生存下来。

In Jude the Obscure, Hardy portrays failure of Jude and Sue who have noble mind and high spiritual pursuit but refuse to go with the stream and writes success of Phillotson and Arabella who get no respect from the audience but try to adapt themselves to the Victorian society. With some influence from Darwinsim, Hardy designs this ending to reveal darkness of Victorian society. The paper aims at discovering fates of four protagonists in Thomas Hardy’s Jude the Obscure by adopting Darwinism. The main points of Darwinism employed here are Survival of the Fittest and Sexual Selection. According to Survival of the Fittest, people who have competitive capability and adapt themselves to social environment could survive in society, or otherwise. Based on Survival of the Fittest, the paper explains the reasons for Jude’s failure in love and academic pursuit, which even leads to his loss of life and for Phillotson’s success in love and career, which results in his flourishing life. As the theoretical basis of Victorian patriarchal society, Sexual Selection prescribes that women are inferior to men and they should be submissive to men in all respects. Sexual Selection helps to explain why Sue at last loses her love, her children and even herself and why Arabella gains a rather stable life. Using comparative method, based on a close reading of the text in the content of the Victorian society, the paper studies the different fates of the characters in Thomas Hardy’s Jude the Obscure. It discusses the similarities and differences of characters in terms of their views on life, love, sex, religion and academic pursuit. It concludes that the different fates of characters are attributed to their different attitudes towards life in society.