文言文是古代文学作品及文献资料书面呈现的语言，文言文教学是当今语文教学不可缺少的重要组成部分。新课标明确提出，要让学生全面提高“语文素养”， 要求中学生能“借助工具书，阅读浅易文言文”。 教材是课程标准意志的体现。因此，文言文教材的选编关系着对古代文化的传承，学生人文素养的提高。那么，现行教材选择哪些文言文进入初中语文教科书，编排是否科学？本文就此问题，选取国内初中语文教科书最具代表性的人教、苏教、语文、北师大四个版本，就文言文选编做了比较研究。本文包括三部分：第一部分绪论对中学语文教材文言文选文做研究综述；第二部分对新课标初中语文教材中文言文选编的比较分析；第三部分对新课标初中语文教材文言文选编的评价。由于实行“一纲多本”的体制，新课标下多种版本教材涌现，百花齐放。然而我国教材构建体系研究还只是在理论层面上，未将其引入实际评价领域，对教材的分析评价已成为迫在眉睫的重要课题。本文仅以四版本初中语文教材的文言文部分作为突破口，将课程评价理论实际运用到现行教材文本中，对教科书文言文选编做多角度分析、研究，以资广大教育工作者参考，同时也希望通过对教材的分析，为教材编写者提供一些数据与信息，促进语文文言文教材的建设。

Classical Chinese is the written language used in ancient literature works and documents,and the teaching of classical Chinese is the important part of modern Chinese teaching.In the reform of the modern curriculum,we propose a conception about Chinese language quality,and requirements“to read easy classical Chinese with the help of reference books”for middle school students.Teaching material reflects the will of the curriculum standards .Therefore,the election of Ancient articals relates to the inheritance of ancient culture and the improvement of students' humanistic quality. So,which ancient articles are suitable for junior students,and how to arrange the ancient articles? Focused on such issues ,Select four different versions of junior Chinese books：published by People’s Education Press，published by Jiangsu Press,published by Chinese Press and published by Beijing Normal University Press, do a comparative study on election of ancient articles.This paper includes three parts：The first part review researcehes on election of Ancient articals in the new curriculuum Chinese textbooks;the second part compare the selection of ancient articles in four differert junior Chinese books；the third part ponder over the issues.Under“one outline many teaching materials”,many differernt texebooks springs up. Yet we have just constructed the evaluation theory which accords with the characteristics of our teaching material in theory instead of practical evaluation field,the analysis and evaluation about the teaching material is becoming more and more urgent. Thus,this paper tries to analyze the ancient Chinese teaching material and make formative evaluation for reference of educational workers.In addition，the author provides some data and information for teaching material compilers through analyzing the use of teaching material and hopes to promote the construction of the classical Chinese teaching material.