本文基于2016-2018年中国劳动力动态调查数据(CLDS)，以最高受教育程度为高中阶段的农村户籍学生为研究对象，使用OLS、Logit回归、Heckman两步法以及倾向得分匹配法(PSM)作为研究方法，探究农村高中阶段不同的教育类型对个人收入和迁移情况有何影响。其中迁移分为迁移距离和迁移质量两个维度，前者的衡量标准为省内、省外迁移，后者的衡量标准为是否促进了户籍转换。

本文主要结论如下。结论一：中等职业教育收益存在“短期”效应。只有劳动力处于18-39岁时，相比于普通高中教育毕业生，农村户籍学生接受中等职业教育能够提升10%-15%的收入水平。结论二：技能匹配收益存在“长期”效应。从全人生周期来看技能匹配收益率为13.5%-14.1%，当劳动力为18-39岁时，技能匹配收益率为9.2%-10.6%，而劳动力为40-60岁时，技能匹配收益率为18.9%-19.5%，即随着工作经验的延长，技能匹配收益率逐渐攀升。结论三：政府举办的短期培训并不能帮助最高受教育程度为高中阶段的农村劳动力提升收入。结论四：中等职业教育有助于提升劳动力短距离迁移概率，相比于普通高中毕业生，接受中等职业教育后其省内迁移概率提升了11.2%-20.4%。结论五：中等职业教育能够提升户籍转换概率。接受中等职教育的农村劳动力要比接受普通高中教育的劳动力，户籍转换的概率提升了15.02%-23.3%。

基于以上结论本文提出以下政策建议。政策建议一：在落后地区大力发展中等职业教育；政策建议二：完善中等职业教育与高等教育的衔接；政策建议三：建立终身教育培训体系；政策建议四：构建多主体的教育培训体系；政策建议五：推进城乡一体化建设，剥离户籍福利，使户籍制度回归原有的登记功能。

Based on the 2016-2018 China Labor Dynamics Survey data (CLDS), this paper takes rural household registration students with the highest education level as the research object, used OLS, Logit regression, Heckman two-step, and propensity score matching (PSM) as research methods, to explore the impact of different types of education at the rural high school stage on personal income and migration. The migration is divided into two dimensions: migration distance and migration quality. The former is measured by intra-province migration and out-of-province migration, and the latter is measured by whether it has promoted household registration conversion.

The main conclusions of this paper are as follows. Conclusion 1: There is a "short-term" effect in secondary vocational education. Only when the labor force is 18-39 years old, compared with ordinary high school graduates, rural household registration students who receive secondary vocational education can increase their income levels by 10%-15%. Conclusion 2: There is a "long-term" effect on skill matching returns. From the perspective of the whole life cycle, the return on skill matching is 13.5%-14.1%, when the labor force is 18-39 years old, the skill matching return rate is 9.2%-10.6%, and when the labor force is 40-60 years old, the skill matching return rate is 18.9% -19.5%, that is, the rate of return of skills gradually increases with the extension of work experience. Conclusion 3: The short-term training organized by the government cannot help the rural labor force whose highest education level is high school to increase their income. Conclusion 4: Secondary vocational education helps to improve the short-distance migration probability of labor. Compared with ordinary high school graduates, the intra-provincial migration probability increases by 11.2%-20.4% after receiving secondary vocational education. Conclusion 5: Secondary vocational education can improve the probability of household registration conversion. The rural labor force receiving secondary vocational education has a 15.02%-23.3% higher probability of household registration conversion than the labor force receiving ordinary high school education.

Based on the above conclusions, this paper puts forward the following policy recommendations. Policy suggestion 1: Vigorously develop secondary vocational education in backward areas; Policy suggestion 2: Improve the connection between secondary vocational education and higher education; Policy suggestion 3: Establish a lifelong education and training system; Policy suggestion 4: Build a multi-subject education and training system; Policy suggestion 5: Promote the integration of urban and rural areas, strip off household registration benefits, and return the household registration system to its original registration function.