由于近三年来处于新冠肺炎特殊时期，大多学生只能居家进行线上体育课，因此中学生整体体质健康水平有待提高。本文旨在了解中学生课外体育锻炼习惯，探析其背后的影响因素，为进一步增强学生体质健康，培养学生的课外体育锻炼意识提供一定的参考。

本文运用文献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法对该校初中学生进行问卷发放，对收集的数据进行描述性统计，进一步探讨了中学生课外体育锻炼习惯形成与影响因素之间的关系。最终得出的研究结果和结论如下：

研究结果：该校学生现阶段课外体育锻炼情况良好，80%的学生能够保持每次锻炼持续在30分钟以上，接近60%的学生能够做到一周进行不少于五次的体育运动，接近75%的学生在体育活动中处于中等及以上的强度，并有20.67%的学生能够坚持节假日进行体育锻炼。

结论：（1）本研究分析发现，不同年级、性别在课外体育锻炼习惯的形成方面均有不同。在性别方面：男生体育锻炼强度及锻炼时间上要优于女生，但女生相对更自觉，在锻炼频率上略高于男生。在年级方面：初二年级的学生锻练频率高于初一、初三学生，一方面是因为初二年级学生即将升入初三，面临体育中考的压力，需要提前学习、掌握技能。初三年级在学业压力下，只能抽时间进行锻炼。另一方面原因是初二学生经过一年学习后，拥有了锻炼目标、产生了一定的运动兴趣，形成了锻炼需求，会驱动自己进行锻炼。

（2）本研究认为个人因素、学校因素、社会因素和家庭因素是影响中学生形成课外体育锻炼习惯的主要因素。通过分析发现，学校因素对影响中学生进行课外体育活动，形成良好的锻炼习惯占主导因素，且学校、社会的运动场地、健身器材和锻炼场馆设施对学生也有很大影响。家庭积极主动关注学生的锻炼情况，帮助带领学生，也有助培养学生锻炼习惯。个人因素方面，学生自身不仅要加强体育锻炼认知，还要激发主动性，磨炼意志驱动自己坚持进行体育活动。同时，本研究发现同伴因素对课外体育锻炼习惯的形成也有很大影响，与同伴一起运动不仅能受到激励，还能拓展社交圈互相监督。

Due to the special period of COVID-19 in the past three years, most students can only take online physical education classes at home, so the overall physical health level of middle school students needs to be improved. The purpose of this paper is to understand the habits of extracurricular physical exercise of middle school students, and explore the influencing factors behind it, so as to further enhance the students' physical health and cultivate students' awareness of extracurricular physical exercise to provide certain reference.The results and conclusions are as follows：

Research results：The students of this school are doing well in extracurricular physical exercise. 80% of the students can maintain a continuous exercise of more than 30 minutes, nearly 60% of the students can do physical exercise no less than five times a week, and nearly 75% of the students are at a moderate or above intensity in physical activity. And 20.67% of students can insist on holidays and physical exercise.

conclusions ：(1) Different grades and genders have differences in the formation of extracurricular physical exercise habits. In terms of gender, male students are better than female students in the intensity and duration of physical exercise, but female students are more conscious and slightly higher than male students in the frequency of exercise. In terms of grade: the frequency of exercise of students in Grade two is higher than that of students in grade one and grade three. On the one hand, the reason is that students in grade three are about to face the high school entrance examination, so they can only spare time for extracurricular physical exercise under great learning pressure. On the other hand, after a year's study, students in the second year of junior high school have the exercise goal, have a certain interest in sports, and form the exercise demand, which will drive them to do extracurricular physical exercise.

(2)School factors play a dominant role in influencing middle school students' physical activities and forming good exercise habits. Families actively pay attention to the students' exercise situation, guide and lead the students to exercise, also conducive to the cultivation of habits. At the same time, students should strengthen physical exercise cognition, develop interest, form sports motivation, take the initiative to develop sports habits. This study found that peer factors also have a great impact on the formation of physical exercise habits, should actively play the role of peers.