文化资本理论是布迪厄社会学理论的核心，是对马克思“资本”概念进行创新、发展的重要理论成果，为分析现代社会提供了新的研究视角。布迪厄把文化资本划分为身体化、客观化、体制化三种形式，通过文化资本的转换、积累、再生产，揭示文化实践背后的利益关系和权力运作，还原社会发展的文化动力，论证了文化资本在社会阶层间不平等分配的事实，这种不平等通过教育机制进行传递，使文化资本不断再生产，社会层级结构也不断得到复制，这对理解国内教育与个人成长、群体和亚文化、阶层的出现和延续具有启示作用。知识经济时代，文化资本的内涵有了新发展，更加注重物质财富积累、文化意义传承和人的生命力量的彰显，具有推动人的社会化、文化产业化、社会现代化的现实价值。因此，通过文化资本视角透视我国文化建设的意义与问题，探索新时代文化建设的路径，是我国文化实践的有益尝试。 本文主要分为四部分对布迪厄文化资本理论进行解读与应用。首先，分析布迪厄文化资本理论的建构与内容，总结其与马克思主义的关系，为我国文化建设的新视角提供理论依据。其次，解读布迪厄文化资本理论的现实意义，深入分析文化资本的内涵与社会价值，提出文化资本增强国人文化自信、促进现代经济发展、提高国家文化软实力的现实意义。再次，透过文化资本视角梳理我国文化传承发展的现实困境，包括个体内化文化能力薄弱、文化经济市场效益低迷、文化发展体制机制缺失等。最后，基于文化资本理论探究文化建设的实践路径，提出中国文化现代发展的举措，包括文化资本的“再生产”、文化资本的“转换”和文化资本的体制机制建设。

Cultural capital theory is the core of Bourdieu's sociological theory, as well an important theoretical achievement for the innovation and development of Marx's concept of "capital". It provides a new perspective for the analysis of modern society. Bourdieu divides cultural capital into three forms: specific, objective and systematic. Through the transformation, accumulation and reproduction of cultural capital, Bourdieu reveals the interests and power operations behind cultural practices, and restores the cultural dynamics of social development, demonstrating the fact that cultural capital is unequally distributed among social classes, and the inequality is transmitted through educational mechanisms, so that cultural capital is continuously reproduced, and the social hierarchy is continuously copied. It helps understand the emergence and continuation of domestic education and personal growth, groups and subcultures, and classes. In the era of knowledge economy, the connotation of cultural capital has developed, pay more attention to material wealth accumulation, cultural meaning inheritance and the manifestation of human life force. It has the practical value of promoting socialization, cultural industrialization and social modernization. Therefore, it is a useful attempt to explore the significance, problems of Chinese cultural construction and to explore the path of cultural construction in the new era from the perspective of cultural capital. This paper is divided into four parts to interpret and apply Bourdieu's cultural capital theory. Firstly, analyzing the construction and content of Bourdieu's cultural capital theory, summarizing its relationship with Marxism, and providing a theoretical basis for the new perspective of Chinese cultural construction. Secondly, interpreting the practical significance of Bourdieu's cultural capital theory, analyzing the connotation and social role of cultural capital, and putting forward the practical significance of cultural capital in enhancing the confidence of Chinese culture, promoting the development of modern economy and improving the soft power of national culture. Third, through the perspective of cultural capital, we will sort out the practical dilemmas of Chinese cultural inheritance and development, including the weak individualized cultural ability, the low efficiency of the cultural economy market, and the lack of cultural development system. Finally, based on the theory of cultural capital to explore the practical path of cultural construction, the paper proposes the modern development of Chinese culture, including the “reproduction” of cultural capital, the “transformation” of cultural capital and the institutional mechanism of cultural capital.