可持续发展的概念是人类社会经济发展到一定阶段的产物,它是社会、经济和生态等各个系统平衡发展的集合。但在中国，工业化进程中，由于环境污染、生态破坏,影响了人们的生存环境，同时，人口众多、地域之间的不平衡，这也对可持续发展带来了一定的难度,构建反映各地特点而又符合可持续发展理念的体系是当务之急。目前，我国研究可持续发展政策体系的理论主要集中在城市或某一个典型行业，而对广大农村地区的研究却涉及甚少。从经济社会发展的形势来看，我国的“三农”问题显得比较突出，积累的矛盾也越来越深，社会经济发展不可持续性的情况相当严重。本文借助历史分析方法和演绎推理方法，对我国中部地区的江西省和江西省新余市九龙山乡这个以矿产资源为主发展本地经济社会的种种表现进行研究，概括出我国在可持续发展政策中出现的偏差，这些偏差包括经济与自然的不协调、经济与社会发展的不协调等。偏差产生的主要原因是在经济发展过程中我国各级政府对“GDP”的过分崇拜，导致社会合作的失败，使得乡镇政府作为我国最基层政权组织难以在社会经济发展中实施可持续的发展战略。论文认为，为了改变可持续发展中的偏差，需要从新的思维和价值理念，坚持科学发展观，实施可持续发展战略，避免“GDP” 崇拜，寻找创新发展路径，在各级政府尤其是作为基层的乡镇政府倡导制定可持续发展的政策措施，坚持可持续发展的政绩导向，使可持续发展战略成为经济发展过程中自觉的行动方针，实现经济发展、社会和谐、生态环境优美、人民生活幸福的发展目标。

The concept of sustainable development is the product of human social and economic development to a certain stage. It is a collection of balanced development of social, economic and ecological systems. But in China, the human’s living environment has been influenced by environmental pollution and ecological damage with the process of industrialization. Meanwhile, China has a large number of population and imbalanced development between areas. This brings a certain difficulties to sustainable development. It is urgent to build the system which reflects the geographical characteristics and coincides with the philosophy of sustainable development.At present, the theory of researching sustainable development policy system mainly focuses on a city or a typical industry while refers little on the majority of rural areas. From the view of economic and social situation, Chinese “Three Rural” issue has become more prominent, the accumulation of contraction has become deeper and deeper and the condition of socio-economic unsustainable development has become rather serious. By the means of historical analysis and comparative analysis, This paper takes the example of Jiulongshan Village in XinYu City of JiangXi province on the central region of China. This village develops its social economy mainly owing to its mineral resources. From the phenomenon of this village, the paper analyzes policy deviation in the process of sustainable development and makes a research on public policy how to reverse these deviations. The deviations arise mainly due to all levels of Chinese government on the GDP excessive worship, resulting in the failure of social cooperation. And it leads to the township government as a grass-roots political organization takes the sustainable development strategy difficultly. In order to change this status quo, our country should go beyond the GDP worship from top to bottom then completely break free from the GDP worship , innovate development route, persist in scientific development value and takes the strategy of sustainable development. All levels of governments in China especially the most fundamental township government advocate to take the measure of sustainable development policy, adhere to the achievement of sustainable development-oriented and make this policy a concious action in the process of economic development in order to achieve the goal of economic development, social harmony, the beautiful ecological environment and the happy life of citizens.