不动产是人民生存和生活最重要的财产，在不动产交易和转让过程中，保证权利人的合法权益不受到损害或者是在受到损害后得到合理赔偿，就需要进行登记以纳入法律保护体系。不动产登记是对不动产权利状态的法律公示，使其具有法律的效力，从而维护不动产交易的安全和交易的秩序。自2013年12月份李克强总理颁布《不动产登记暂行条例》以来，国家的顶层设计基本完成，目前中国不动产统一登记已经开始进入实施阶段，部分试点城市已经启动并颁发了统一的不动产权利证书。由于中国长期以来的分散登记历史，导致了中国不动产登记的登记机构多，登记类型多，登记法律多，登记方式多的现状，造成了在不动产统一登记的过程中职责整合难度大，资料整合任务重，法律统一问题多，程序规范较复杂的问题。不动产统一登记是国家机构改革的重大措施，也是完善中国社会主义市场经济制度的重要手段。中国启动实施不动产统一登记制度，一方面是要解决分散登记所造成的问题和弊端，一方面也是国家管理职能改革和市场经济发展的必然要求。但是由于中国地区差异较大，各省市不动产登记的基础也不同，实施不动产统一登记需要解决的问题多，实施难度大，目前全国范围内的不动产统一登记的落实还处于起步阶段。本文以“现状分析-问题探索-模式设计”为研究思路，通过对于不动产登记的相关文献资料的学习和研究，运用定性分析的方法，概括出国内外学者在该领域的研究，总结中国实施不动产统一登记的困难和挑战，分析了地方实施不动产统一登记的宏观背景和历史基础；同时运用调查研究的方法，深入江苏省徐州市国土局和重庆市国土局进行实地调研与访谈，通过充分的咨询与讨论，了解了地方关于不动产统一登记的实际情况。通过理论的分析和实践的访谈，设计地方不动产统一登记运作模式，根据地方不动产登记基础的好坏，在“四统一”的要求下，从职能整合、资料整合、业务流程梳理、信息技术平台建设这四个方面进行模式构建，设计出模式A和模式B这两种地方不动产统一登记实施模式；同时根据地方在实施过程中的问题反馈，研究和探索地方不动产统一登记运作模式的实施保障措施，从而为推动中国不动产统一登记在全国范围内有效实施提供科学指导。不动产统一登记的制度设计属于国家顶层设计范畴，但是具体的政策落实和实施还是在地方，只有实现了地方的不动产统一登记，才能够保证不动产统一登记制度在中国的实现，才能够真正实现国家的机构改革和职能转变任务，推动中国市场经济健康平稳发展。

The real estate is the most important property of people’s life. It is needed to implement real estate registration in order to guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of the obligee not to be damaged or get reasonable compensation after damage during the process of real estate transaction and transfer. The real estate registration is to public the property rights, which give them legal effect, so as to maintain the transaction order and transaction security. Since December 2013, Prime Minister Li Keqiang promulgated the provisional regulations on real estate unified registration， the country’s top design was basically completed. At present, China’s real estate unified registration has already entered into the implementation stage, some of the pilot cities has been started the progress and issued the unified real estate right certificate. The status of China’s real estate registration are under plenty of registration organ ,lots of registration type, huge amount of registration law and great deal registration way due to China’s dispersion registration history, which causes great difficulties in duty integration ,information integration ,legal unification and problem specification during the real estate unified registration process. China’s real estate unified registration system is not only a major national institutions reform measures, but also an important method of perfecting China’s marketing economy system. China launched the real estate unified registration system in order to solve the problem of the scattered registration on one hand, on the other hand, is the request of the reform of the national management function and market economy development inevitably. But as China is a large country with regional difference and every provinces and cities have their own registration foundation, the real estate unified registration need to solve many problems with tough difficulties. So the national implementation of real estate unified registration is still in its infancy.This paper works by the methods of qualitative analysis though the real estate registration related literature material study and research, the existing research and history ,as well as the country’s relevant policies and regulations, which helps to summarize the research result of the domestic and foreign scholars and the difficulties of implementing the real estate unified registration, to conclude the macro background and history basis of the local implementation of unified real estate registration .At the same time ,by using the method of investigation and study in -depth of the Land and Resources Bureau of Xuzhou city and Chongqing city, the author get to understand the local actual situation about real estate unified registration through full consultation and discussion. It helps to provide referential model and solution for the country’s comprehensive boosting unified registration through designing the unified registration operation mode. Meantime, it explores the security construction implementation of China’s real estate unified registration according to the study the feedbacks during the application process and information collection .in order to promote China’s real estate unified registration to be more smooth and effective.The conclusion part is the summary of the study and the policy suggestion. The unified real estate registration system design is belong to the national level responsibility. But the actual operation is in the local level implementation. Only put the local uniform registration into place can ensure the real estate unified registration system implementation, which also can help to achieve the reform of national functions and promote the development of china’s market economy stable and healthy.