儿童问题行为是儿童成长过程中的常见现象，研究显示，儿童早期的某些问题行为，对之后的犯罪行为和患精神病的可能性都有预测作用。诸多研究表明经历高水平心理控制的儿童会表现出更多的问题行为诸如抑郁、攻击、焦虑等，而跨文化研究表明，与西方国家相比，我国家长对子女的心理控制更强烈，程度更高，因此探究我国幼儿问题行为与家长心理控制的关系便更具意义。本研究试图以农村地区学龄前幼儿及家长为研究对象，运用交叉滞后的方法来分析两者之间的关系，探究两者之间存在的相互作用关系，以期为之后的社工干预提供依据。 本研究采用家庭教养方式PBR量表、Achenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL量表），对甘肃省陇南市某县253名幼儿及其家长进行了连续7个月的追踪测查，描述了农村地区幼儿问题行为的发展特点及现状，探讨了农村地区家长心理控制与幼儿问题行为间的关系。本研究得出的主要结论如下： （1） 农村地区幼儿问题行为具有相对稳定性。 （2） 幼儿外化问题行为-幼儿攻击与家长心理控制高度相关，但两者之间并不存在相互预测的关系，幼儿攻击不能显著预测家长心理控制，家长心理控制也不能显著预测之后的幼儿攻击。 （3） 幼儿内化问题行为-抑郁情绪与家长心理控制具有相互预测的关系，具体表现为：幼儿抑郁情绪可以显著预测家长心理控制，家长心理控制也可以预测幼儿抑郁情绪。在两者的相互预测关系中，幼儿抑郁情绪对家长心理控制的预测程度高于家长心理控制对幼儿抑郁情绪的预测程度。

Child problem behavior is a common phenomenon in the process of child's growth. Studies show that the criminal behavior and the possibilities of mental illness during the adolescence and adulthood could be predicted by certain behaviors in the early childhood. Many studies show that children who experience high level of psychological control will show more problematic behaviors such as depression, aggression, anxiety, etc. And the cross-cultural studies also show that Chinese parents is on a higher level on the psychological control, so it is more meaningful to explore the associations between child problem behavior and parental psychological control in China. This study attempts to take the preschool children and parents in rural areas as the study object, using the cross-lagged method to analyze the relationship between the two objects, and explore the causal relationship, in order to provide a basis for social worker intervention. This study used the family education method PBR scale and the Achenbach Child Behavior Scale (CBCL scale) to conduct a continuous 7-month follow-up survey of 253 children and their parents in X County, Longnan City , Gansu Province to explore the associations between parental psychological control and child problem behavior. The results show: (1) Child problem behavior in rural areas is relatively stable. (2) Children's externalizing problem behavior - Child attack is highly correlated with parental psychological control, but there is no interaction between the two, child attacks cannot significantly predict parental psychological control, vice versa. (3) Children's internalizing problem behavior - depression emotion has an interactive relationship with parental psychological control, the specific performance is as follows: children's depression can significantly predict parental psychological control, and vice versa, the parental psychological control also has a significant prediction against children's depression, however the prediction level of children’s depression against parental psychological control is stronger than that of parental psychological control against children’s depression.